Chapter 2

Question 0

Study of links in bio to behavior

Answer 0

Biological psychology

Question 1

Study of shape and size of cranium. Determines personality - not really

Answer 1

Phrenology

Question 2

Nerve cell- basic building block

Answer 2

Neuron

Question 3

Cell body of receiving neuron

Answer 3

Dendrite

Question 4

Extension of a neuron- sends impulses to other neurons

Answer 4

Axon

Question 5

Layer of fatty tissue around axons. Speeds up impulses.

Answer 5

Myelin sheath

Question 6

Neural impulse generated by movement of positively charged atoms in and out of axons membrane

Answer 6

Action potential

Question 7

Level of stimulation must be exceeded for reaction to fire

Answer 7

Threshold

Question 8

Junction between sending and receiving ends on a neuron

Answer 8

Synapse

Question 9

Chemicals released into synaptic gap that send messages

Answer 9

Neurotransmitters

Question 10

Neurotransmitter that enables learning, memory, and muscle contraction. Alzheimer’s

Answer 10

Ach

Question 11

Neurotransmitter that influences emotion, movement, learning, attention. Lot = schitz, less = Parkinson’s

Answer 11

Dopamine

Question 12

Affects mood, hunger, sleep, arousal. Depression

Answer 12

Serotonin

Question 13

Natural opiate like transmitter that is linked to pain control

Answer 13

Endorphins

Question 14

Speedy electrical communication system with PNS and CNS

Answer 14

Nervous System

Question 15

Brain and spinal cord system

Answer 15

Central Nervous system

Question 16

Sensory and motor skills system. Connect CNS to outside nerves.

Answer 16

Peripheral Nervous system

Question 17

Bundles of neural axons, part of PNS that connect to CNS

Answer 17

Nerves

Question 18

Carry info from sensory receptors to CNS for processing

Answer 18

Sensory Neurons

Question 19

Carry info and instructions for action from CNS to muscles and glands

Answer 19

Motor Neurons

Question 20

Neurons of the CNS that link the sensory and motor neurons in transmission of sensory inputs and motor outputs

Answer 20

Inter neurons

Question 21

Division of PNS that enables voluntary control over skeletal muscles

Answer 21

Somatic NS

Question 22

Controls involuntary muscles of organs for survival

Answer 22

Autonomic NS

Question 23

Mobilizing energy in stressful situations

Answer 23

Sympathetic NS

Question 24

Calms body to preserve energy

Answer 24

ParaSympathetic NS

Question 25

Inborn response to stimulus - simple neural pathway

Answer 25

Reflex

Question 26

Distruction of tissue

Answer 26

Lesions

Question 27

Interconnected neural,cells - strengthened as learning continues

Answer 27

Neural Networks

Question 28

Body's slower chemical system- hormones

Answer 28

Endocrine system

Question 29

Chemical messengers in bloodstream with targets

Answer 29

Hormones

Question 30

Produces epinephrine hormones that prepare body for fight or flight

Answer 30

Adrenal glands

Question 31

Under influence of hypothalamus- regulates growth and controls other glands #mastergland

Answer 31

Pituitary

Question 32

Amplified recording of electrical activity and waves in brain

Answer 32

EEG

Question 33

Measures level of brain activity by tracing glucose

Answer 33

PET scan

Question 34

Generates clear images of brain

Answer 34

MRI

Question 35

Scans that reveal blood flow and function/anatomy

Answer 35

fMRI

Question 36

Oldest in remits part of brain. Automatic and survival functions

Answer 36

Brain stem

Question 37

In brain stem, controlling breathing and heartbeat

Answer 37

Medulla

Question 38

Sensory switch board

Answer 38

Thalamus

Question 39

Neural center in limbic system. Storage and memory.

Answer 39

Hippocampus

Question 40

Processes sensory input and coordinates movement and balance

Answer 40

Cerebellum

Question 41

Border of brain stem and cerebral hemisphere

Answer 41

Limbic system

Question 42

Part of limbic system influencing emoticons of fear and aggression

Answer 42

Amygdala

Question 43

Regulates hunger, thirst, body temp - reward centers

Answer 43

Hypothalamus

Question 44

Bark of the brain

Answer 44

Cerebral cortex

Question 45

Guide neural connections and provides nutrients

Answer 45

Glial cells

Question 46

Lobes involved in speaking and muscles movements, planning, and judgement

Answer 46

Frontal lobes

Question 47

Contain visual cortex

Answer 47

Occipital lobes

Question 48

Contains sensory cortex

Answer 48

Parietal lobes

Question 49

Contain auditory areas

Answer 49

Temporal lobes

Question 50

Controls voluntary movements

Answer 50

Motor cortex

Question 51

In front of parietal lobes- behind motor cortex- registers body touch and processes

Answer 51

Sensory cortex

Question 52

Railroad construction man with severe accident. Had aphasia

Answer 52

Phineus Gage

Question 53

Important part of language as a result to damage to several cortical areas - Broca's and Weirnickes

Answer 53

Aphasia

Question 54

Located in left frontal lobe - controlling motor ability to produce speech

Answer 54

Broca's area

Question 55

Located in left temporal lobe - involved in language comprehension and expression

Answer 55

Weirnicke's area

Question 56

Brains capacity for modification after damage to certain parts

Answer 56

Plasticity

Question 57

Large band of neural fibers linking right and left hemisphere allowing them to interact

Answer 57

Corpus Callosum

Question 58

Condition in which corpus callosum is severed to allowing the sides to interact

Answer 58

Split Brain