Chapter 2 Flashcards
(32 cards)
Prescriber pnemonic for essentials when prescribing
Patient details Reaction Sign Contraindications Route IV fluids - if needed Blood clot prophylaxis - if needed antiEmetic - if needed pain Relief - if needed
Contraindications to steroids/side effects (8)
Stomach ulcers Thin skin oEdema R+L heart failure Osteoporosis Infection - candida Diabetes Syndrome - cushing's
Contraindications to NSAIDs/side effects (5)
No urine - renal failure Systolic dysfunction - heart failure Asthma Indigestion Dyscrasia - clotting abnormality
Contraindications to antihypertensives/side effects (3) and caused by which ones
Hypotension
Bradycardia - CCBs and BBs
Electrolyte disturbance - ACEis and diuretics
Side effect - ACE inhibs (1)
Cough
Side effect - Calcium channel blockers (2)
Peripheral oedema
Flushing
Side effect - Loop diuretics (1)
Gout
Side effect - K+ sparing diuretics
Gynaecomastia
Which replacement fluid do you give in ascites?
Human Albumin Solution (HAS)
Which replacement fluid do you give in hypernatraemia?
5% dextrose
Which replacement fluid do you give in hypoglycaemia?
5% dextrose
Which replacement fluid do you give in shock not from bleeding, systolic <90mmHg?
Gelofusine (colloid)
Which replacement fluid do you give in shock from bleeding?
Blood transfusion
colloid if no blood available
How much replacement fluid and over how long do you give in tachycardic patients?
500ml STAT
How much replacement fluid and over how long do you give in hypotensive patients?
500ml STAT
How much replacement fluid and over how long do you give in only oliguric patients?
1L over 2-4 hours
How much maintenance fluid does the typical adult require in 24 hours?
3L
How much maintenance fluid do elderly patients require?
2L
What is the standard maintenance fluid combination for adults?
1L 0.9% saline
2L 5% dextrose
40mmol KCl
How fast should you give KCl?
Never faster than 10mmol/hour
Antiemetic given in standard patients?
Cyclizine 50mg 8 hourly
Antiemetic given in heart failure patients?
Metoclopramide 10mg 8 hourly
Which is the standard concentration of oromorph?
10mg/5ml
What is the first line medication for neuropathic pain?
Amitriptyline 10mg NIGHTLY