Chapter 2 Flashcards
Each drug can be categorized under a broad subcategory or subcategories called ________
Classifications
A model or type from which subsequent types arise.
Ex. A drug that typifies the characteristics of that classification)
Prototype
A description of the cellular changes that occur as a result of a drug
Actions
A list of possible unpleasant or dangerous secondary effects other than the desired effect
Adverse reactions
List of conditions or types of patients that warrant closer observation for specific side effects when given the drug
Cautions
Conditions or circumstances that indicate a drug should not be given
Contraindications
General, common, or non proprietary names of drugs
Generic names
List of medical conditions or diseases for which a drug is meant to be used
Indications
Actions that occur when 2 or more drugs are combined or when drugs are combined with certain foods
Interactions
Available only by prescription
Legend drugs
Name of drug as it appears in the official reference, USP/NF; generally the same as the generic drug
Official name
The study of drugs and their origin, nature, properties, and effects on living organisms
Pharmacology
Unpleasant or dangerous secondary effects of medications
Side effects
A method of writing drug makes to help differentiate between look-alike and sound-alike drugs
Ex. CeleXA and CeleBREX
Tall Man Lettering
Names by which a pharmaceutical company identifies its products ; brand names
Trade names
Evaluating Internet Drug Sources
- Check the source. Have scientific studies been done with a large enough sample? Are results reliable and valid? Are there links to professional credentials?
- Check the date of the articles. Info can go out of date quickly.
- Be wary of forums or testimonials.
4 Drug References available today
- Physician’s Desk Reference (PDR)
- United States Pharmacopeia and the National Formulary (USP/NF)
- AHFS Drug Information (American Health-System Formulary Service)
- Other references (The Pill Book, Handbook of Nonprescription Drugs, Epocrates)
Physician’s Desk Reference (PDR)
One of the most widely used references for drugs in current use.
Available online, as a mobile app, and in book form.
3 versions of PDR (one for physicians, one for nurses, and one for consumers)
United States Pharmacopeia and the National Formulary (USP/NF)
Provides info on and standards for chemical and biological drug substances, dosage forms, and compounded preparations; medical devices and dietary supplements
Other references (The Pill Book, Handbook of Nonprescription Drugs, Epocrates)
- May be found in book stores
* May not contain adequate info for the health care professional
Terms Indicating Drug Actions
Indications, actions, contraindications, cautions, side effects and adverse reactions, and interactions
Over-the-counter (OTC) Drug
No purchasing restrictions by the FDA. (Some exceptions, such as pseudoephedrine, which is OTC, but kept behind pharmacy counter)
Legend Drug
Prescription drug; determined unsafe for OTC purchase because of possible harmful side effects
-includes: birth control pills, antibiotics, cardiac drugs, and hormones
Controlled Substance
-Drug Controlled by prescription requirement because of the danger of addiction or abuse
C-I to C-V
