Chapter 2 Flashcards
(16 cards)
THE 4 LOBES
FRONTAL:MOTOR CORTEX
PARIETAL: SENSORY, FINGERS,
TEMPORAL: HEARING
OCCIPITAL: SEEING, VISUAL
WHAT IS IN THE CENTRAL NERVOUS SYSTEM
THE BIOLOGICAL PROCESS:
BRAIN PLAYS IMPORTANT ROLE IN OUR BEHAVIOR & MENTAL PROCESSES
ALL PARTS OF THE NEURON
To receive, integrate and transmit
DENDRITES: RECEIVE SIGNALS FROM OTHER CELLS.
AXON: CARRIES SIGNAL AWAY FROM SOMA & OTHER CELLS.
MYELIN SHEATH: INSULATES AXON & SPEEDS UP TRANSMISSION.
TERMINAL BUTTONS-RELEASES NEUROTANSMITTERS AT SYNAPSES. (CHEMICALS)
SYNAPTIC CLEFT: A MICROSCOPIC GAP BETWEEN THE TERMINAL BUTTON OF ONE NEURON AND THE CELL MEMBRANE OF ANOTHER NEURON
ALL THE CHEMICALS/NEUROTRANSMITTERS
Acetylcholine (ACh)
Stimulates firing of neurons
Involved in action of muscles, learning, memory
Alzheimer disease: ACh deficiency
Gamma aminobutyric acid (GABA)
Keeps many neurons from firing
Anxiety: Low levels of GABA
GABA is also linked to depression
Norepinephrine
Inhibits firing of neurons in CNS
Excites heart muscle, intestines, urogenital tract
Depression: Too little norepinephrine
Agitated, manic states: Too much norepinephrine
Dopamine
Helps to control voluntary movement
Affects sleep, mood, attention, learning, rewards
Parkinson disease: Low levels of dopamine
Schizophrenia: High levels of dopamine
Serotonin
Involved in regulation of sleep, mood, attention, learning
Depression: Lowered levels of serotonin
Endorphins
Natural opiates that mainly stimulate firing of neurons
Shield body from pain
Elevate feelings of pleasure
Oxytocin
Hormone and neurotransmitter
Important role in experience of love and social bonding
MEDULLA
BREATHING AND REFLEXES
CORPUS COLLOSUM (WHY WOULD WE SPLIT THIS)
SEVERE/LIFE THREATENING FORMS OF EPILEPSY
ENDORPHINS
Natural opiates that mainly stimulate firing of neurons
Shield body from pain
Elevate feelings of pleasure
TWO PARTS OF THE NERVOUS SYSTEM
CENTRAL NERVOUS SYSTEM
PERIPHERAL NERVOUS SYSTEM
DIFFERENCE BETWEEN SYMPATHETIC AND PARASYMPATHETIC NERVOUS SYSTEM
SYMPATHETIC: (FIGHT or FLIGHT) ACTIVE DURING EMOTIONAL RESPONSE
PARASYMPATHETIC: (CALMS) RESTORE BODYS RESERVES OF ENERGY
ROLE OF THE MYELIN SHEATH
INSULATES AXON & SPEEDS UP TRANSMISSION.
WHAT IS MEANT BY PLASTICITY
THE BRAIN CAN COMPENSATE FOR INJURIES TO PARTICULAR AREAS.
AMYDGALA
EMOTIONS & DISCRIMINATION OF OBJECTS THAT ARE NECESSARY FOR THE ORGANISM’S SURVIVAL
CREREBRUM
THINKING & LEARNING (BIGGEST PART OF THE BEAIN)
HIPPOCAMPUS
INVOLOVED IN MEMORY
PONS
INVOLVED IN SLEEP & AROSAL
CEREBELLUM
BALANCE