chapter 2

Question 1

Define working language

Answer 1

Any language the interpreter interprets in

Question 2

Define Source language

Answer 2

The language your interpret FROM

Question 3

Define Target language

Answer 3

The language you interpret INTO

Question 4

List the 3 stages of the encounter

Answer 4

Pre-encounter, Encounter, Post-Encounter

Question 5

Identify seven steps of the encounter

Answer 5

Pre-encounter: Preparation, briefing (optional)
Encounter: Introduction, interpreting, mediation (if needed)
Post-encounter: Debriefing (optional), analysis

Question 6

Identify 4 interpretIng protocols (that you learned in Module 2)

Answer 6

Positioning
Professional introductions
First person
Turn-taking (managing the flow: interrupting the session for accuracy)

Question 7

What is the goal of effective positioning?

In other words, which guiding principle will help you decide which position to take?

Answer 7

Find the position that best promotes DIRECT COMMUNICATION.

Question 8

Write the 4 elements of an interpreter’s introduction that come AFTER stating his/her name/organization.

Answer 8

• Everything will be interpreted.
• Everything will be kept confidential.
• Please speak directly to the client/provider.
• Please pause when I make a signal to let me interpret.

Question 9

What are some exceptions to using first person?

Answer 9

• Young children (esp. <7)
• People suffering from dementia
• People who are intoxicated/cases of substance abuse
• Emergencies

Question 10

What should you do if a provider keeps speaking in third person? (E.g., “Ask him how long this has been going on.” “Tell her to come back in three weeks.”)

Answer 10

• First, adopt an unobtrusive position and cut off eye contact.
• If that does not work, intervene to perform a “role clarification” and remind the provider to please address the patient/client, not the interpreter.
• If the provider persists, use a hand gesture to direct his/her attention to the patient/client.
• If these attempts fail, as an absolute LAST RESORT consider interpreting in first person (but this is not technically accurate and NOT recommended).
• Then mediate outside the session to point out that first person is much faster, promotes direct communication and trust, and is much easier to interpret.

Question 11

Why do memory skills matter for interpreters?

Answer 11

Interrupting the speakers too often distracts them, can upset their train of thought and cause them to forget things.
Also, you will never be a professional community interpreter w/o developing enough memory skills to avoid interrupting a complete thought or statement.

Question 12

What is chunking?

Answer 12

Breaking a message down into chunks of meaning to make them easier to remember.

Question 13

How can imagery help an interpreter’s memory?

Answer 13

Try to visualize what you hear as a story and see “who did what to whom”

Question 14

List some message transfer skills for interpreters.

Answer 14

Anticipating

• (Message analysis)
• Parroting/shadowing
• Paraphrasing

Question 15

Name the 3 modes of interpreting.

Answer 15

• Consecutive
• Simultaneous
• Sight translation

Question 16

List the steps for sight translation BEFORE the sight translation.

Answer 16

1. Make sure that the provider remains present.

2. Assess the text to see if you should sight translate it or not (using the CALL model).

Question 17

List the steps for sight translation DURING the sight translation.

Answer 17

1. Read the text from beginning to end.
2. Identify any challenges, such as unfamiliar terms, complex syntax or high register.
3. Ask for clarification as needed.
4. Consult dictionaries, glossaries or electronic resources, if necessary.
5. Render the text from the beginning to end, keeping a natural reading flow.
   NOTE: the above 5 steps are the most important for sight tranlation.
   DO NOT stop-and-start, or start over.
   DO NOT simplify or change any parts of the text.

Question 18

List the steps for sight translation AFTER the sight translation.

Answer 18

1. Self-assess the accuracy of your sight translation.

2. Decide if you should continue to sight translate such texts.

Question 19

Which documents are acceptable to sight translate?

Answer 19

Very short, simple documents that you feel comfortable sight translating.

Question 20

What does CALL stand for?

Answer 20

Complex
Advanced (e.g., advanced terminology)
Legal or
Long.
It basically helps you to remember which documents you probably SHOULDN'T sight translate.

Question 21

If you decide not to sight translate a document, what should you do instead?

Answer 21

Ask the provider to explain the document and you will be happy to interpret the explanation or (if provider is rushed) have someone else come in to explain the document while you interpret the explanation.

Question 22

What’s wrong with summarizing? Are there any exceptions?

Answer 22

Dangerous because you are deciding what is important yourself and undermining direct communication and communicative autonomy.
EXCEPTIONS:
Summarization is is a last resort for emergencies and other completely out-of-control situations (such as….many people speaking at once, mental illness, angry or emotional people who won’t stop, developmental disabilities….)

Question 23

How is note-taking for interpreters different from other kinds of note-taking?

Answer 23

Symbol-based, top to bottom, NOT focused on words or capturing everything, focused on meaning.

Page is divided in half. One thought per line. Follow seven steps of Rozan. (Accept any correct answer.)