Chapter 2 Flashcards
(75 cards)
What is a drug?
Any chemical that effects the physiologic processes of a living organism
What is pharmacology?
Study or science of drugs
What are the 5 pharmacologic principles?
Pharmaceutics Pharmacokinetics Pharmacodynamics Pharmacotherapeutics Pharmacognosy
What are the 3 drug names?
Chemical
Generic (nonproprietary name)
Trade (proprietary name)
What is the Chemical name?
Drug’s chemical composition and molecular structure
What is the Generic name?
Name given by the United States Adopted Name Council
What is the Trade name?
The drug has a registered trademark; use of the name is restricted by the drug’s patent owner (usually the manufacture)
AKA Brand name
What is Pharmaceutic?
The study of how various drug forms influence pharmacokinetic and pharmacodynamic activities.
(designates when ingested)
What is Pharmacokinetics?
The study of what the body does to the drug
What does the body do to a drug?
Absorption Distribution Metabolism Excretion (ADME)
What is Pharmacognosy?
The study of natural (plant and animal) drug source
What is Pharmacodynamics?
The study of what the drug does to the body
What does the drug do to the body?
The mechanism of drug actions in living tissues
What are the fastest absorbed oral preparations?
Liquids, elixirs, and syrups
What are the slowest absorbed oral preparations?
Enteric-coated tablets
What is Pharmacotherapeutics?
The use of drugs and the clinical indications for drugs to prevent and treat diseases.
What is the Pharmacokinetics absorption?
The rate at which a drug leaves its site of administration and the extent to which absorption occurs.
Bioavailability
Bioequivalency
What is Bioavailability?
The % of administered dose of unchanged drug that reaches systemic circulation.
What is Bioequivalency?
2 different formulations may have comparable bioavailability.
What are the factors the affect absorption?
Food and fluids administered with the drug
dosage formulation
status of the absorptive surface
rate of blood flow to the small intestine
acidity of the stomach
status of the GI tract
Absorption characteristics vary according to the dose ________ and _______
form and route
A drugs route of administration affects the ____ and _____ of absorption of that drug
rate and extent
What are the 3 routes of administration of a drug?
Enteral (GI tract)
Parenteral (injections)
Topical (dermal, inhalers)
What is an enteral route?
The drug is absorbed into the systemic circulation through the oral or gastric mucosa or the small intestine