Chapter 2 and 3 Elements Of Life & Molecular Diversity

Question 1

Which are the elements that can form covalent bonds?

Answer 1

SCHNOP

Question 2

what is a covalent bond?

Answer 2

sharing of electrons

Question 3

why is carbon such an important compound?

Answer 3

It can make up to 4 covalent bonds

Question 4

What is Ph?

Answer 4

how many hydroxyl and hydroxide ions a solution have

Question 5

Acidic solutions are

Answer 5

high in Hydrogen

Question 6

Basic solutions are

Answer 6

Low on hydrogen

Question 7

what is the importance of PH?

Answer 7

it controls the shape of the protein, specializes in functions of organelles, and pumps hydrogen for metabolism and transport of cells.

Question 8

Hydrophobic

Answer 8

hates water (breaks)

Question 9

hydrophilic

Answer 9

loves water (doesn’t break)

Question 10

what is a non polar element?

Answer 10

equal share of electrons (no charge)

Question 11

What is a polar element?

Answer 11

unequal share

Question 12

Example of non-polar

Answer 12

Oil and Fats

Question 13

Low pH can

Answer 13

donate protons

Question 14

High pH can

Answer 14

neutralize acids

Question 15

buffer

Answer 15

neutralizer of a solution

Question 16

hydrolysis

Answer 16

catabolism, adds H2O

Question 17

dehydration

Answer 17

anabolism, removes h2o

Question 18

what are the main 4 macromolecules

Answer 18

carbohydrates, lipids, nucleic acids and proteins

Question 19

what does carbohydrates contain?

Answer 19

carbon, hydrogen and lots of oxygen

Question 20

what are the building blocks of carbohydrates?

Answer 20

monossacharides

Question 21

what are the functions of carbohydrates?

Answer 21

transport of food in plants, create glucose.

Question 22

what is a nucleic acid made of?

Answer 22

Nitrogen , -phosphorus , ribose

Question 23

what are the building blocks of nucleic acids?

Answer 23

Adenosine triphosphate , rna and dna

Question 24

what are the functions of nucleic acids?

Answer 24

Store information and creates protein

Question 25

what makes up proteins?

Answer 25

Amino, hydrogen, carboxyl, and r group

Question 26

what are the building blocks of protein?

Answer 26

Amino acids

Question 27

what are the functions of proteins?

Answer 27

To create all important acids in the body

Question 28

what are lipids made of?

Answer 28

Hydrogens and carbons

Question 29

what are the building blocks of lipids?

Answer 29

Fatty acids

Question 30

what are the functions of lipids?

Answer 30

Stores energy

Question 31

what makes an amino acid different from other molecules?

Answer 31

it contains an R-group

Question 32

What are the bonds that hold proteins ?

Answer 32

Peptide bonds

Question 33

What is the component of paper?

Answer 33

Cellulose

Question 34

What is the component of bread?

Answer 34

Starch

Question 35

What is starch considered?

Answer 35

Carbohydrate

Question 36

Saturated

Answer 36

No double bonds and polar tail

Question 37

Unsaturated

Answer 37

One double bond

Question 38

How many structures do proteins have?

Answer 38

4

Question 39

Hair protein with heat

Answer 39

Physical change and changes 2nd position

Question 40

Protein of perm in hair

Answer 40

Changes tertiary and chemical change

Question 41

monomer

Answer 41

single tier

Question 42

dehydration synthesis

Answer 42

removal of water once the hydrogen from one group is added to a hydroxyl group

Question 43

hydrolysis

Answer 43

adding water (breaks covalent bond)

Question 44

molecule that can dissolve in water is classified as

Answer 44

polar

Question 45

molecule that cannot dissolve in water is classified as

Answer 45

non polar

Question 46

carbohydrates are polar or non polar?

Answer 46

polar

Question 47

nucleic acids are polar or non polar?

Answer 47

polar

Question 48

proteins are polar or non polar?

Answer 48

it depends, some are polar some are non polar.

Question 49

lipids are -polar or non polar?

Answer 49

non polar

Question 50

what is the advantage of being polar?

Answer 50

easy to break in water and allows macromolecules to spread around the systems

Question 51

is butter unsaturated or saturated?

Answer 51

saturated

Question 52

is oil unsaturated or saturated?

Answer 52

unsaturated

Question 53

if a protein is folded, does it change its structure?

Answer 53

no

Question 54

would a saturated fat look straight or dented?

Answer 54

straight

Question 55

would a unsaturated fat look straight or dented?

Answer 55

dented

Question 56

are unsaturated fats good for you?

Answer 56

yes

Question 57

are saturated fats good for you?

Answer 57

depends on the amount of sugar you intake

Question 58

are trans fat healthy?

Answer 58

no

Question 59

what is the phospholipid bilayer made of?

Answer 59

phosphate polar head and non polar tail

Question 60

prostaglandin

Answer 60

local hormone

Question 61

pain and inflammation can be treated by

Answer 61

ibuprofen and aspirins

Question 62

is cholesterol bad for you?

Answer 62

not bad

Question 63

what are the reproductive organ hormones?

Answer 63

estrogen and testosterone

Question 64

what are terpenes?

Answer 64

steroids found on essential oils, menthol, vitamin a