Chapter 2: Atoms, Ions And Molecules

Question 0

Dalton’s atomic theory

Answer 0

All elements are composed of atoms
All elements of the same element are identical in size and mass
Each element has different atoms
Atoms are indestructible

Question 1

Who discovered subatomic particles?

Answer 1

JJ Thompson

Question 2

Law of multiple proportions

Answer 2

When two elements form two different compounds the masses of b that combine with 1 g of a can be expressed as a ration of whole numbers

Question 3

Isotopes

Answer 3

Atoms of an element containing the same number of protons but different number of neutrons

Question 4

Alkali metals

Answer 4

Shiny, soft metals, highly reactive metals

Do not occur naturally as free elements

Question 5

Alkali metal electron configuration

Answer 5

One outer shell electron, loses one to become a cation and stable

Question 6

Alkaline earth metals

Answer 6

Harder, denser, stronger and have higher melting points, lower reactivity than group 1

Question 7

Alkaline metals electron configuration

Answer 7

2 valence electrons

Question 8

What reacts with water to form hydroxides?

Answer 8

Alkalines except for beryllium

Question 9

Group 3

Answer 9

Metals, considered to be poor metals due to low melting points and hardness

Question 10

Group 3 electrons

Answer 10

3 valence electrons

Question 11

What reacts with oxygen to form oxides

Answer 11

Group 3

Question 12

What in group 3 is a metalloid

Answer 12

Boron

Question 13

Group 4

Answer 13

Mix metals, metalloids and nonmetals, large diversity in properties

Question 14

What forms hydrides with hydrogen, tetrahalides with halogens, and oxides with oxygen

Answer 14

Group 4A

Question 15

Group 4a electrons

Answer 15

4 valence electrons, carbon is +4 or -4

Question 16

Group 5A

Answer 16

All solids except nitrogen, mid of metals, non metals and metalloids

Question 17

Group 5a electrons

Answer 17

5 valence electrons

Question 18

Group 6a: chalcogens

Answer 18

Form -2ions when reacting with electropositive metals, solid chalcogens are soft and do not conduct heat well

Question 19

Group 6a electrons

Answer 19

6 valence electrons

Question 20

Group 7a: halogens

Answer 20

Reactivity decreases down the group as it becomes harder to add an electron

Question 21

What do halogens form

Answer 21

Diatomic molecules besides astatine

Question 22

Halogens electrons

Answer 22

7 valence electrons

Question 23

Group 8a

Answer 23

Odorless, colorless mono atomic gases with low reactivity and rarely form compounds because of full shell