Chapter 2 - Atoms, Molecules, Ions

Question 1

number of protons - number of electrons

Answer 1

atomic charge

Question 2

when 2 elements combine to form more than one compound, the ratio of the ratios of their masses will be small whole numbers

Answer 2

Law of Multiple Proportions

Question 3

isomers that differ in the way atoms are connected

Answer 3

structural isomers

Question 4

2 or more atoms (same or different) joined together by forces or bonds

Answer 4

molecule

Question 5

moderate conductors, have properties of metals and non-metals

Answer 5

metalliods

Question 6

exceedingly small particles that make up matter

Answer 6

atoms

Question 7

compound with one metal and one non-metal

Answer 7

binary compound

Question 8

who created the Law of Multiple Proportions

Answer 8

Dalton

Question 9

Rutherford: the positively-charged particles are centered in a what?

Answer 9

nucleus

Question 10

Molecular compound naming rules

Answer 10

2nd atom named like anion, use prefixes to denote number of each atom present (don’t use mono- on first atom)

Question 11

molecules that have the same types of numbers of atoms but differ in the way the atoms are connected to each other

Answer 11

isomers

Question 12

formed between cation and anion

Answer 12

ionic bond

Question 13

1 atomic mass unit equals what fraction of the mass of a certain element?

Answer 13

1/12 mass of carbon atom

Question 14

who created the Law of Definite Proportions

Answer 14

Proust

Question 15

contains covalent bonds; involves two or more non-metals

Answer 15

molecular compounds

Question 16

consists of only one type of atom which has mass that is characteristic and consistent

Answer 16

element

Question 17

varieties of elements that have different numbers of neutrons

Answer 17

isotopes

Question 18

Rutherford: atoms must consist of mostly what?

Answer 18

open space

Question 19

naming an acid with oxygen

Answer 19

based on anion suffix: -ate changes to -ic, and -ite changes to -ous

Question 20

ion with more than one atom

Answer 20

polyatomic ion

Question 21

all samples of a pure substance contain the same elements in the same proportions

Answer 21

Law of Definite Proportions (or Constant Composition)

Question 22

when atoms become cations, the size gets _____

Answer 22

smaller

Question 23

naming an acid without oxygen

Answer 23

hydro_____ic acid

Question 24

contains ionic bonds; involves a metal and one or more non-metals

Answer 24

ionic compounds

Question 25

shiny, malleable, ductile, good conductors

Answer 25

metals

Question 26

dull, poor conductors

Answer 26

non-metals

Question 27

when atoms become anions, the size gets _____ and you add the suffix -___ to the end of the atom's name to name the anion

Answer 27

bigger; -ide

Question 28

two atoms share one or more pairs of electrons

Answer 28

covalent bond

Question 29

Binary compound naming process

Answer 29

Name cation first, add -ide to end of anion

Question 30

isomers where connectivity is the same but spatial orientation and 3D arrangement are different

Answer 30

spatial isomers