Chapters 8 and 9

Question 1

sp3d2 = this electron pair geometry

Answer 1

octahedral

Question 2

theoretical model describing gas properties under conditions where particles have negligible volume and don’t interact

Answer 2

Ideal Gas Behavior

Question 3

Kinetic Molecular Theory: gases are composed of ______-______ particles

Answer 3

continuously-moving

Question 4

Kinetic Molecular Theory: the ______ exerted by a gas in a container results from collisions between gas molecules and ________ _____

Answer 4

pressure; container walls

Question 5

measures pressure of fluid or gas in confined space

Answer 5

manometer

Question 6

quantity inside square root in Graham’s Law of Effusion

Answer 6

molar mass

Question 7

Charles’ Law

Answer 7

V/T = k

Question 8

Kinetic Molecular Theory: the ______ ______ ______ of a gas is proportional to it’s temperature in ________.

Answer 8

average kinetic energy; Kelvin

Question 9

hybrid orbitals have different _______ and ______ than atomic orbitals

Answer 9

orientations and shapes

Question 10

two quantities that are inversely proportional according to Graham’s Law of Effusion

Answer 10

effusion rate and molar mass

Question 11

P/T = k

Answer 11

Amonton’s Law

Question 12

sp2 = this electron pair geometry

Answer 12

trigonal planar

Question 13

what are STP conditions

Answer 13

standard temperature (273.15 K) and pressure (1 atm)

Question 14

sp3 = this electron pair geometry

Answer 14

tetrahedral

Question 15

if two gases are at same temp. and pressure, the ratio of their effusion rates is inversely proportional to the ratio of the square roots of their molar masses

Answer 15

Graham’s Law of Effusion

Question 16

the type of hybrid orbital produced depends on this

Answer 16

VSEPR electron pair geometry

Question 17

of hybrid orbitals in a set equals number of ____ _____ combined to produce set

Answer 17

atomic orbitals

Question 18

Avogadro’s Law

Answer 18

V/n = k

Question 19

V/T = k

Answer 19

Charles’ Law

Question 20

end to end overlap creates this type of bond

Answer 20

sigma

Question 21

Kinetic Molecular Theory: gas particles are negligibly small compared to ___________

Answer 21

the distance between them

Question 22

based on the overlap of orbitals to form “bonds” between electrons (different from VSEPR)

Answer 22

valence bond theory

Question 23

Combined Gas Law

Answer 23

PV/T = k

Question 24

occurs when a gas passes through an opening that is smaller than the mean free path of the particles

Answer 24

effusion

Question 25

side to side overlap creates this type of bond

Answer 25

pi

Question 26

sp = this electron pair geometry

Answer 26

linear

Question 27

type of orbitals that are not taken into account by Lewis structures

Answer 27

hybrid orbitals

Question 28

simple microscopic model that effectively explains gas laws

Answer 28

Kinetic Molecular Theory

Question 29

all orbitals in a hybrid set are equivalent in _____ and ______

Answer 29

shape and energy

Question 30

hybrid orbitals: formed only in this type of bond

Answer 30

covalent

Question 31

Lighter molecules have a _____ avg. kinetic energy

Answer 31

higher

Question 32

occurs when gas molecules disperse throughout a container

Answer 32

diffusion

Question 33

two variables in the Ideal Gas equation that are modified in the van der Waals equation

Answer 33

pressure and volume

Question 34

V/n = k

Answer 34

Avogadro's Law

Question 35

PV = k

Answer 35

Boyle's Law

Question 36

pi bonds are created by this type of overlap

Answer 36

side to side

Question 37

the average distance traveled by particles between collisions

Answer 37

mean free path

Question 38

Amonton's Law

Answer 38

P/T = k

Question 39

Ideal Gas Law

Answer 39

PV = nRT

Question 40

sigma bonds are created by this type of overlap

Answer 40

end to end

Question 41

Boyle's Law

Answer 41

PV = k

Question 42

the total pressure exerted by a mixture of gases = sum of partial pressures of each gas in mixture

Answer 42

Dalton's Law of Partial Pressures

Question 43

what pressure is equal to

Answer 43

force / area

Question 44

4 pressure units

Answer 44

atm, psi, torr, pascal

Question 45

2 Ideal Gas Behavior deviations

Answer 45

molecular attraction and volume of molecules

Question 46

multiple bonds are _____ and _____ than single bonds

Answer 46

shorter and weaker

Question 47

sp3d = this electron pair geometry

Answer 47

trigonal bipyramidal

Question 48

instrument measuring atmospheric pressure

Answer 48

barometer

Question 49

equation that takes into account the deviations from ideal gas behavior

Answer 49

van der Waals equation

Question 50

Kinetic Molecular Theory: Collisions are ______, so gas molecules exert no ________ or _______ forces on each other

Answer 50

elastic; attractive or repulsive

Question 51

always use this scale for temperature when dealing with ideal gases

Answer 51

kelvin

Question 52

What is Standard Molar Volume and what is it's value

Answer 52

volume of one mole of any gas = 22.4 L