Chapter 2: Bases of PAP Code of Ethics

Question 1

What is the most structured code of ethics for psychologists?

Answer 1

APA

Question 2

In what principle in PAP did the principle “justice” from APA fall under?

Answer 2

Principle I: Respect for the Dignity of Persons and People (section g)

Question 3

4 bases of PAP code of ethics.

Answer 3

 Universal Declaration of Ethical Principles for Psychologists
 Ethics code of the American Psychological Association
 Ethics code of the British Psychological Society
 Ethics code of the Canadian Psychological Society

Question 4

When was the UNIVERSAL DECLARATION OF ETHICAL PRINCIPLE FOR PSYCHOLOGISTS adopted by the Assembly of the International Union of
Psychological Science in Berlin?

Answer 4

July 22, 2008

Question 5

When did the Board of Directors of the International Association of Applied Psychology in Berlin adopted the UNIVERSAL DECLARATION OF ETHICAL PRINCIPLES FOR PSYCHOLOGISTS?

Answer 5

July 26, 2008

Question 6

True or False: the UNIVERSAL DECLARATION OF ETHICAL PRINCIPLES FOR PSYCHOLOGISTS is not a code of ethics.

Answer 6

True

Question 7

What is the UNIVERSAL DECLARATION OF ETHICAL PRINCIPLES FOR PSYCHOLOGISTS if not a code of ethics?

Answer 7

Overarching “moral framework of universally
acceptable ethical principles based on shared human
values across cultures”.

Question 8

An overarching “moral framework of universally acceptable ethical principles based on shared human
values across cultures” that
can serve as a template for those reviewing existing, or drafting new codes when they develop culturally appropriate behavioural standards.

Answer 8

UNIVERSAL DECLARATION OF ETHICAL PRINCIPLES FOR PSYCHOLOGISTS

Question 9

The principles and related values
of the UNIVERSAL DECLARATION are what rather than specific and prescriptive?

Answer 9

General and aspirational

Question 10

4 principles of Universal Declaration.

Answer 10

Principle I: Respect for the Dignity of Persons and Peoples

Principle II: Competent Caring for the Well-Being of Persons and Peoples

Principle III: Integrity

Principle IV: Professional And Scientific Responsibilities To Society

Question 11

What principle in Universal Declaration?

The most fundamental and universally found ethical principle
across geographical and cultural boundaries, and across
professional disciplines.

Recognizes the inherent worth of all human beings, regardless of perceived or real differences in social status, ethnic origin, gender, capacities, or other such characteristics.

Respect for different cultures.

Answer 11

Principle I: Respect for the Dignity of Persons and Peoples

Question 12

What principle in Universal Declaration?

 involves working for the benefit and, above all, doing no harm
to others

 maximizing benefits, minimizing potential harm, and offsetting
or correcting harm

 requires the application of knowledge and skills that are
appropriate for the nature of a situation as well as the social
and cultural context.

 adequate self-knowledge of how one’s values, experiences,
culture, and social context might influence one’s actions and
interpretations.

Answer 12

Principle II: Competent Caring for the Well-Being of Persons and Peoples

Question 13

What principle in Universal Declaration?

 vital to the advancement of scientific knowledge and to the
maintenance of public confidence in the discipline of
psychology.

 based on honesty, and on truthful, open and accurate
communications.

 includes recognizing, monitoring, and managing potential
biases, multiple relationships, and other conflicts of interest
that could result in harm and exploitation of persons or
peoples.

Answer 13

Principle III: Integrity

Question 14

What principle in Universal Declaration?

 As a science and a profession, Psychology has responsibilities
to society.

 contributing to the knowledge about human behavior and to persons’
understanding of themselves and others

 conducting its affairs within society in accordance with the highest
ethical standards

 encouraging the development of social structures and policies that
benefit all persons and peoples

Answer 14

Principle IV: Professional And Scientific Responsibilities To Society

Question 15

5 principles of APA

Answer 15

Principle A: Beneficence and Nonmaleficence

Principle B: Fidelity and Responsibility

Principle C: Integrity

Principle D: Justice

Principle E: Respect for People’s Rights and Dignity

Question 16

What principle in APA?

 Psychologists strive to benefit those with whom they work and
take care to do no harm.

 Psychologists seek to safeguard the welfare and rights of
those with whom they interact professionally and other affected
persons, and the welfare of animal subjects of research.

 Psychologists strive to be aware of the possible effect of their
own physical and mental health on their ability to help those
with whom they work.

Answer 16

Principle A: Beneficence and Nonmaleficence

Question 17

What principle in APA?

 Psychologists establish relationships of trust with those with
whom they work.

 They are aware of their professional and scientific responsibilities to society and to the specific communities in which they work.

 Psychologists strive to contribute a portion of their professional time for little or no compensation or personal advantage.

Answer 17

Principle B: Fidelity and Responsibility

Question 18

What principle in APA?

Psychologists seek to promote accuracy, honesty, and
truthfulness in the science, teaching, and practice of psychology.

 In these activities psychologists do not steal, cheat, or engage
in fraud, subterfuge, or intentional misrepresentation of fact.

 Psychologists strive to keep their promises and to avoid
unwise or unclear commitments.

 Psychologists have a serious obligation to consider the need
for, the possible consequences of, and their responsibility to
correct any resulting mistrust or other harmful effects that arise
from the use of such techniques.

Answer 18

Principle C: Integrity

Question 19

What principle in APA?

Psychologists recognize that fairness and justice entitle all
persons to access to and benefit from the contributions of
psychology and to equal quality in the processes, procedures,
and services being conducted by psychologists.

 Psychologists exercise reasonable judgment and take
precautions to ensure that their potential biases, the
boundaries of their competence, and the limitations of their
expertise do not lead to or condone unjust practices.

Answer 19

Principle D: Justice

Question 20

What principle in APA?

Psychologists respect the dignity and worth of all people, and
the rights of individuals to privacy, confidentiality, and selfdetermination.

 Psychologists are aware of and respect cultural, individual,
and role differences, including those based on age, gender,
gender identity, race, ethnicity, culture, national origin, religion,
sexual orientation, disability, language, and socioeconomic
status, and consider these factors when working with members
of such groups

Answer 20

Principle E: Respect for People’s Rights and Dignity

Question 21

4 ethical principles of BPS

Answer 21

Respect
Competence
Responsibility
Integrity

Question 22

What principle in BPS?

Statement of values: Psychologists value the dignity and worth of all persons, with sensitivity to the dynamics of perceived authority or influence over persons and peoples and with particular regard to people’s rights.

Answer 22

Respect

Question 23

What principle in BPS?

 Statement of values: Psychologists value the continuing
development and maintenance of high standards of
competence in their professional work and the importance of
working within the recognised limits of their knowledge, skill,
training, education and experience.

Answer 23

Competence

Question 24

What principle in BPS?

Statement of values: Psychologists value their responsibilities
to persons and peoples, to the general public, and to the
profession and science of Psychology, including the avoidance
of harm and the prevention of misuse or abuse of their
contribution to society

Answer 24

Responsibility

Question 25

What principle in BPS?

 Acting with integrity includes being honest, truthful, accurate
and consistent in one’s actions, words, decisions, methods and
outcomes.
 It requires setting self-interest to one side and being objective
and open to challenge in one’s behaviour in a professional
context.
 Statement of values: Psychologists value honesty, probity,
accuracy, clarity and fairness in their interactions with all
persons and peoples, and seek to promote integrity in all
facets of their scientific and professional endeavours

Answer 25

Integrity

Question 26

4 principles of CPA

Answer 26

Principle I: Respect for the Dignity of Persons and Peoples

Principle II: Responsible Caring

Principle III: Integrity in Relationships

Principle IV: Responsibility to Society

Question 27

What principle in CPA?

Ethical Standards:

General respect
 General rights
Non-discrimination
Fair treatment/due process
Informed consent
Freedom of consent
Protections for vulnerable individuals and groups
Privacy
Confidentiality
Extended responsibility

Answer 27

Principle I: Respect for the Dignity of Persons and Peoples

Question 28

What principle in CPA?

Ethical Standards:

General Caring
Competence and self- knowledge
Risk/benefit analysis
Maximize benefit
Minimize harm
Offset/correct harm
Care of animals
Extended responsibility

Answer 28

Principle II: Responsible Caring

Question 29

What principle in CPA?

Ethical Standards:

Accuracy/honesty
 Objectivity/lack of bias
Straightforwardness/openness
Avoidance of incomplete disclosure and deception
Avoidance of conflict of interest
Reliance on the discipline
Extended responsibility

Answer 29

Principle III: Integrity in Relationships

Question 30

What principle in CPA?

Ethical Standards:

Development of knowledge
 Beneficial activities
 Respect for society
 Development of society
Extended responsibility

Answer 30

Principle IV: Responsibility to Society