Chapter 2 Bio Key Terms

Question 1

absoptic

Answer 1

Process when food that has been already broken down passes through walls of the intestine into bloodstream.

Question 2

Capillaries

Answer 2

Thin walled blood vessel

Question 3

Circulatory system

Answer 3

Organ system that includes heart, blood, vein, arteries and capillaries, transports blood around the body.

Question 4

Digestive system

Answer 4

Organ system made up out of the mouth, esophagus, stomach, small and large intestine, and rectum. Transports and absorbs nutrients in the body.

Question 5

Excretery system

Answer 5

Organ system that includes kidneys, ureters, urinary bladder, urethra and skin, it filters waste products from the blood and maintains the proper levels of water and electrolytes in the body.

Question 6

Esophagus

Answer 6

Tube that allows food to travel from the mouth to stomach.

Question 7

Heart

Answer 7

Muscular pump that supplies blood to all the body.

Question 8

Homostasis

Answer 8

Tendency of an organism to maintain a steady state, an acceptable range of physical and chemical conditions in which the body cells, tissues and organs can operate efficiently.

Question 9

Integumentary system

Answer 9

Organ system made of skin and accessory structures.

Question 10

Interdependent

Answer 10

Connection between parts so that one part contributes to the action of another part like body systems are interdependent because the action of each system contributes to the actions of another system.

Question 11

Intestines

Answer 11

Area of chemical digestion and removal of wastes.

Question 12

Lung

Answer 12

One pair of organs involved in respiration.

Question 13

Organ

Answer 13

Organized group of tissues that work together to perform a specific function.

Question 14

Respiratory system

Answer 14

System made up of a various amount of organs including the nose, mouth, trachea, lungs, bronchi, bronchioles, diaphragm, the function is to obtain oxygen and release carbon dioxide.

Question 15

Skin

Answer 15

Largest organ in the body made of 2 layers of tissue, the epidermis and dermis protects the inner cells from damage acts as defence against disease organisms. Insulates, releases heat, and excretes bodily waste.

Question 16

Stomach

Answer 16

Organ made of epithelial, connective, nervous and muscle tissues. Churns food and mixes it with digestive juices and enzymes.

Question 17

Transpiration

Answer 17

The evaporation of water through the stomata and leaves.

Question 18

What is the role of the liver

Answer 18

Cleans blood and removes waist and toxins. It also helps breakdown fats from food. Keep sugar is vitamins and nutrients for when you need them and helps create energy. Your liver also help helps clot your blood like when you have a cut their proteins cloth to stop the bleeding.

Question 19

What is the role of the gallbladder?

Answer 19

The gallbladder stores bile a liquid made by the liver. The bile is released when needed mostly when you eat fatty foods, the bile will be released still breakdown and absorb the fats.

Question 20

What is the role of the kidneys?

Answer 20

filter, blood and remove waste an extra water. They also control your levels of water and salt and other minerals they make hormone and help manage blood pressure. They also balance and filter the body.

Question 21

What is the role of the brain?

Answer 21

controls the body processes information enables thinking, memory and emotions

Question 22

What is the role of the heart?

Answer 22

Pumps blood to deliver oxygen to the body

Question 23

What is the role of the lungs?

Answer 23

The lungs brain oxygen and remove carbon dioxide

Question 24

What is the role of the stomach?

Answer 24

Breaks down food into smaller pieces for digestion

Question 25

What is the role of the small intestine?

Answer 25

To absorb nutrients from the food

Question 26

What is the role of the large intestine

Answer 26

Absorbs water and forms waste

Question 27

What is the role of the pancreas?

Answer 27

Produces enzymes for digestion and hormones like insulin to control blood sugar and prevent diabetes

Question 28

What is the role of the skin?

Answer 28

Protects the body provides protection, regulated, temperature enable sensation like touch, pain, hot and cold

Question 29

What are arteries?

Answer 29

Carries oxygen rich blood away from the heart to the rest of the body. They have thick strong walls because the blood is under high-pressure.

Question 30

What is the role of the veins?

Answer 30

Brings blood back to the heart, have thinner walls, and valves to keep blood flowing in the right direction

Question 31

What is the rule for the capillaries?

Answer 31

Tiny vessels were blood exchange as oxygen nutrients and ways with the body cell. They’re very thin walls to allow the exchange.

Question 32

What is blood composed of?

Answer 32

Plasma the liquid that carries nutrients hormones and waste, red blood cells that carry oxygen to the body and take carbon dioxide away white blood cells which fight infections to keep you healthy, and platelets help your blood clot when you get a cut

Question 33

What is the role of the digestive system?

Answer 33

The digestive system breaks down food and into smaller pieces for the body to absorb it move, moves nutrients to the bloodstream, so your body can use it as energy and grow and repair. It also removes waist through the intestines.

Question 34

What is the role of the respiratory system?

Answer 34

It inhales oxygen and is absorbed then the body exhales and gets rid of carbon dioxide. The oxygen is delivered around the body while the carbon dioxide exits through the mouth.

Question 35

what is chyme.

Answer 35

Chyme is partly digested food mixed with stomach juices. It moves from the stomach to the small intestine.

Question 36

What is the epidermis?

Answer 36

The epidermis is the outer layer of skin that protects your body

Question 37

What is the dermis?

Answer 37

The dermis is the inner layer of skin. It has blood vessels, nerves, hair roots, and glands to keep your skin healthy.

Question 38

What is the trachea?

Answer 38

The trachea, or windpipe, is a tube that carries air from your throat to your lungs

Question 39

What is an atrium?

Answer 39

An atrium is a chamber in the heart that receives blood. Humans have two atria: the right atrium gets blood from the body, and the left atrium gets blood from the lungs.

Question 40

What is mechanical digestion?

Answer 40

Mechanical digestion is the physical breakdown of food into smaller pieces. It happens in the mouth when you chew and in the stomach when food is churned.

Question 41

What is chemical digestion?

Answer 41

Chemical digestion is the process where food is broken down into smaller molecules by enzymes and acids. It starts in the mouth with saliva and continues in the stomach and small intestine.

Question 42

What is the cloaca?

Answer 42

The cloaca is a common opening for the digestive, urinary, and reproductive systems in some animals, like frogs and birds. It is used for excretion and reproduction.

Question 44

What is peristalsis?

Answer 44

Peristalsis is the movement of food through the digestive system by wave-like muscle contractions.

Question 46

Explain the cardiovascular system

Answer 46

The cardiovascular system moves blood to deliver oxygen and remove waste. The heart pumps blood, while blood vessels carry it around the body. The lungs add oxygen to the blood, and the kidneys filter waste. The spleen removes old red blood cells. These organs work together to keep the body healthy.

Question 47

Hmm examples of organs working together

Answer 47

- the nervous system and muscular system work together. When the brain sun signals to the body and the muscles react exerting the movements. - the digestive and the circulatory system work together. The digestive system digest the food and breaks it down while the circulatory system takes those nutrients transport around the body to turn them into energy.