Chapter 2: Body Structure and Directional Terminology Flashcards
anabolism
Building up of substances as a part of metabolism
catabolism
breaking down of substances as a part of metabolism
cytoplasm
holds the organelles of the cell
lysosome
organelle that serves a digestive function for the cell
ribosome
site of protein formation; contains RNA
mitochondrion
converts nutrients to energy in the presence of oxygen
nucleus
cell’s control center. contains DNA, which carries genetic code.
parenchymal
tissue that does work
stromal
tissue that is supportive
Epithelial
1 of 4 types of tissue, it acts as an internal or external covering for organs
Connective
1 of 4 types of tissue, it has in internal structural network
Muscular
1 of 4 types of tissue, it contains the unique property of being able to contract and relax.
Nervous
1 of 4 types of tissue, it includes cells that provide transmission of information to regulate a variety of functions. Example is neurons (nerve cells).
viscera
another name for organs
apex
The pointed extremity of a conical structure
body
The largest or most important part of an organ
fornix
any vault-like or arched structure
fundus
The base or deepest part of a hollow organ that is farthest from the mouth of the organ
hilum
recess, exit, or entrance of a duct into a gland, or of a nerve and vessels into an organ
lumen
the space within an artery, vein, intestine, or tube
sinus
a cavity or channel in bone, a dilated channel for blood, or a cavity the permits the escape of purulent material
antrum
synonym for sinus
vestibule
a small space or cavity at the beginning of a canal
muscuskeletal
body system for support, movement, and protection
