CHAPTER 2: COLLECTION OF DATA

Question 1

It is the process of determining the value or label of the variable based on what has been observed.

Answer 1

Measurement

Question 2

What are the levels of measurement?

Answer 2

Ratio
Interval
Ordinal
Nominal

Question 3

What are observations measured using the nominal or the ordinal levels of measurement usually referred to?


Answer 3

Categorical data

Question 4

These are data documented by the primary source. The data collectors themselves documented this data.


Answer 4

Primary data

Question 5

These are data documented by a secondary source. An individual/agency, other than the data collectors, documented this data.


Answer 5

Secondary data

Question 6

It is a method of collecting data by asking people questions.


Answer 6

Survey method

Question 7

When the data came from asking all the people in the population, then the study is called a…


Answer 7

Census

Question 8

When the data came from asking a sample of people selected from a well-defined population, then the study is called a…


Answer 8

Sample survey

Question 9

These are people who answer the questions in a survey.


Answer 9

Respondents

Question 10

It contains all the questions asked in a survey.

Answer 10

Questionnaire

Question 11

Interview personally ask the respondents and record their answers on the questionnaire.


Answer 11

Personal interview

Question 12

Interviewers ask the respondents through the telephone.


Answer 12

Telephone interview

Question 13

Respondents fill up the questionnaires themselves without any assistance from an interviewer.


Answer 13

Self-administered questionnaires

Question 14

Respondent reads the questions and sends his responses via the internet or e-mail.


Answer 14

On-line surveys

Question 15

A moderator follows a focus group discussion guide to direct a freewheeling discussion among a small group of people.


Answer 15

Focus group discussions

Question 16

It is a method of collecting data where there is direct human intervention on the conditions that may affect the values of the variable of interest.


Answer 16

Experiment

Question 17

These are the variables in the study whose values are believed to have an effect on the value of the response variable/s.


Answer 17

Explanatory variable

Question 18

These are the values or categories of the explanatory variable that are being considered in the study.


Answer 18

Treatments

Question 19

These are the variables that may have an effect on the response variable, but their effects are not of interest in the study.


Answer 19

Extraneous variable

Question 20

It is the extent to which the investigator can control the extraneous variables.


Answer 20

Degree of closure

Question 21

It is a method of collecting data on the phenomenon of interest by recording the observations made about the phenomenon as it actually happens.


Answer 21

Observation method

Question 22

The researcher records the duration of time a particular kind of behaviour lasts.


Answer 22

Duration recording

Question 23

The researcher records the number of times a particular behaviour occurs in a given time period.


Answer 23

Frequency-count recording

Question 24

The researcher partitions time into fixed time intervals and counts the number of time intervals where the behaviour occurred.


Answer 24

Interval recording

Question 25

The researcher measures the length of time between the stimulus and the first occurrence of the behaviour of interest.


Answer 25

Latency recording

Question 26

The researcher records the phenomenon of interest or presence/absence of behavior under study at every specified time schedule.


Answer 26

Time Sampling

Question 27

The observer joins the group under study as a participating member, whether actively or passively.


Answer 27

Participant observation

Question 28

Observer does not join the group but simply observes from the outside. The role of the observer here is to act as a complete observer, simply recording his observations and remaining detached from the group.


Answer 28

Nonparticipant observation

Question 29

These are data generated from the operation and administration of the researcher’s company.


Answer 29

Internal data

Question 30

These are data generated by other agencies/organizations through the process of registration, as required by some law, regulation or usual custom.


Answer 30

Registration data

Question 31

This makes use of a special kind of a mathematical formula called a statistical model that computes for values of the variable of interest by incorporating the use of a randomization mechanism.


Answer 31

Computer simulation

Question 32

An interviewer asks the questions and records the responses of the respondent on an interview schedule.


Answer 32

Interview schedule

Question 33

A type of question that includes a list of response categories from which the respondent will select his answer.


Answer 33

Closed-ended question

Question 34

A type of question that does not include response categories.


Answer 34

Open-ended question

Question 35

It provides only two alternative answers from which the respondent can choose.


Answer 35

Two-way question

Question 36

It provides more than two alternatives from which the respondent can choose only one.


Answer 36

Multiple-choice question

Question 37

It provides more than two alternatives from which the respondent can choose as many responses that apply to him.


Answer 37

Checklist question

Question 38

It provides categories that the respondents have to either arrange from highest to lowest or vise versa depending upon a particular criterion.


Answer 38

Ranking question

Question 39

Various questions with the same set of response categories are put together.


Answer 39

Matrix questions