Chapter 2 Foundation and Development 59-66

Question 1

When are softer forms of interventions more appropriate?

Answer 1

When miscommunication and mistrust are high.

Question 2

When are harder forms of interventions more appropriate?

Answer 2

When substantive interests are at the forefront

Question 3

What does Daniel Druckman emphasise?

Answer 3

doing conflict resolution through a multi-method lens, multiple paths to knowledge in conflict management and conflict resolution.

Question 4

What is dynamic complexity?

Answer 4

Links between cause and effect are non-linear, individually unpredictable. (it requires a systemic approach)

Question 5

What is social complexity?

Answer 5

There are conflicting views about the problem. (participative approach)

Question 6

What is Generative complexity?

Answer 6

Former solutions are no longer succeeding (creative approach)

Question 7

Which six features are seen to driver change within a complex system?

Answer 7

1. connectivity and interdependence of elements
2. emergence and self-organisation
3. chaos
4. systemic memory and path dependency (today’s dynamics are channelled by yesterday’s constructions)
5. feedback effects
6. evolution and adaptation.

Question 8

what are asymmetric conflicts?

Answer 8

conflicts in which conflict parties are unequal in power quantitatively (strong vs weak states) or qualitatively ( state vs non-state actors)

Question 9

What is Gadamer’s theory on dialogue?

Answer 9

a fusion of horizons across cultural and historical differences. called hermeneutic dialogue because it draws a parallel between a conversation and the interpretation of text.

Question 10

What are intractable conflicts?

Answer 10

The conflicts in which parties continue to defy all efforts at settlement and transformation often for years.

Question 11

What is needed in intractable conflicts according to Mayer?

Answer 11

Stay with the conflict, continuing conflict engagement distinguished from conflict resolution and conflict transformation. f