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Personality Psych > Chapter 2 - Freud > Flashcards

Chapter 2 - Freud Flashcards

1
Q

Most of Freudian theory was …

A

discounted, even in his lifetime

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2
Q

Freudian theory is not the most highly _______ in our _______, except in ___________ psychology

A

regarded; history; personality

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3
Q

Freud was the first to come up with a ____________ _______ of __________ (from birth to death).

A

comprehensive theory of personality

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4
Q

Freud was the most famous student of a very famous ____________, J___ __________

A

neurologist; Jean Charcot

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5
Q

Franz Mesmer and Feud came up with the technique of _________.

A

hypnosis

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6
Q

Freud was trained as a ____________.

A

neurologist

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7
Q

______, _______ and _______ worked on a particular set of disorders which at the time were called ________ disorders.

A

Freud, Charcot and Mesmer
hysterical disorders

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8
Q

What were the two manifestations of hysterical disorders?

A

Hysterical blindness
Hysterical paralysis

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9
Q

What was the belief for the manifestations of hysterical disorders?

A

It was believed to be a result of a woman’s uterus becoming unattached and wondering throughout their body.

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10
Q

What are Hysterical Disorders now known as?

A

Conversion Disorders

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11
Q

What are Freud’s enduring contributions?

A

Legitimized (popularized) psychotherapy as intervention
Psychological Defense Mechanism

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12
Q

What are the topics central to Freud’s Theory? (4)

A

o Levels of consciousness
o Parts of personality
o Anxiety and defense mechanisms
o Stages of psychosexual development

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13
Q

Freud believe that all humans were ______ ___, to some degree

A

mentally ill

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14
Q

What are the Freudian Basic Instincts?

A

Eros
Thanatos

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15
Q

What does Eros mean and what is it?

A

Eros = sex instinct

Controlled 90% of human behavior
A destructive self-drive

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16
Q

What does Thanatos mean and what is it?

A

Thanatos = the death wish

Neo Freudians substituted with Aggression

Freud said that all living beings have a desire to turn to their natural state (dying)

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17
Q

What is the philosophical underpinnings of Freudian Basic Instincts?

A

Psychic determinism

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18
Q

Deterministic theory says that there is no ____ ____ (belief of psychology in general). What looks like a ______ is only one course of action we as humans are going to take.

A

free will
choice

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19
Q

Freud believed that personality development was ____ _______. By age _.

A

very limited
5

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20
Q

What are the Freudian Levels of Consciousness?

A

Conscious Level
Preconscious Level
Unconscious Level

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21
Q

What is involved in the conscious level?

A

Thoughts and perceptions

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22
Q

What is involved in the preconscious level?

A

Memories and stored knowledge
(are easily accessed)

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23
Q

What is involved in the unconscious level?

A

Fears, violent motives, immoral urges, selfish needs, irrational wishes, unacceptable sexual desires, shameful experiences

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24
Q

Freud claimed that only he could do what?

A

Access one’s unconscious level with psychoanalysis

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25
Q

Freud believed that humans live in a constant state of _______ (but the degree varies) and stems from ______ _____ that we have. He said that the only way people can survive these high ______ ______, have ______ _________. These _______ _________ which push _______ thoughts down into the _________.

A

anxiety
sexual urges
anxiety thoughts
defense mechanisms
defensemechanisms
immoralthoughts
unconscious

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26
Q

What are the parts of the personality?

A

Id
Ego
Superego

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27
Q

Parts of Personality - Id

Governed by the ________ Principle
__________ level
Present and _____
Home to ______ and _________ drives

A

Pleasure
Unconscious
birth
sexual and aggressive

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28
Q

Parts of Personality - Ego

_______, __________ and __________ levels
Develops in _________ (before superego)
Governed by the _______ principle
Acts as a _______ between __ and _______

A

Conscious, preconscious and unconscious
childhood
reality
referee; id; superego

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29
Q

Parts of Personality - Superego

____________ and __________ levels
Develops in _________
Home to ________ and _________
Governed by the ___ ideal
Incorporation of praise by _______ and ______ for things that the _____ does _____

A

Preconscious and unconscious
childhood
morality and conscience
ego ideal
parents; adults; child; well

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30
Q

Define Freudian Defense Mechanisms

A

Unconscious processes that prevent unacceptable thoughts or urges from reaching conscious awareness

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31
Q

Name 10 Freudian Defense Mechanisms

A

Repression
Denial
Regression
Projection
Introjection
Reaction formation
Displacement
Rationalization
Sublimation
Humor

32
Q

Name the defense mechanism:

o The most basic defense mechanism
o Forgetting unpleasant events

A

Repression

33
Q

Name the defense mechanism:

o Blocking external events from awareness
o Common process of alcoholics and substance abusers

A

Denial

34
Q

Name the defense mechanism:

o Occurs under times of stress
o Reverts to coping mechanism appropriate for an earlier developmental period

A

Regression

35
Q

Name the defense mechanism:

o Commonly used in ambiguous situations
o An attribution about another’s motives
o In reality, provides information about the person making the attribution
o (Very commonly used in ambiguous situations)

A

Projection

36
Q

Name the defense mechanism:

o Another attribution
o Made about the self
o Attributing good quality to one’s self that one does not have

A

Introjection

37
Q

Name the defense mechanism:

o Behaving in a manner opposite to true feelings
o Person’s true feelings: “I hate my mother”
o Person’s actions: Visits mother three times per week and constantly buying gifts for mom

A

Reaction formation

38
Q

Name the defense mechanism:

o Occurs between people of unequal status
o Taking one’s feelings out on someone else
o Feelings not expressed to person for whom they are intended because to do so might have bad consequences for the person due to power differential

A

Displacement

39
Q

Name the defense mechanism:

o Excuse-making
o Presented as a rationale for the person’s actions

A

Rationalization

40
Q

Name the defense mechanism:

o Putting one’s own goals on hold for the good of the group
o An appropriate defense mechanism
o Used frequently by individuals who achieve greatness

A

Sublimation

41
Q

Name the defense mechanism:

o Cracking a joke at a tense moment
o Purpose: restore equilibrium and good feeling
o An appropriate and high-level defense

A

Humor

42
Q

Freud believed that ___________ development occurs simultaneously with s_____ development

A

personality
sexual

43
Q

P___________ development solely related to ______ development

A

personality
sexual

44
Q

Oral Stage (b____-_ year)
Erogenous zone =
Developmental task =

A

birth - 1 year

Erogenous zone = the mouth

Developmental task = weaning (transitioning from breast milk to solid/baby food)

45
Q

Anal Stage (_-_year)
Erogenous zone =
Developmental task =
Fixation =

A

1-3 years

Erogenous zone = the anus

Developmental task = toilet training

Fixation = anal retentiveness or anal explusiveness

46
Q

Phallic Stage (_-_year)
O______ and E______ complexes
Erogenous zone =
Developmental task =
Fixation =

A

3-6 years
Oedipus; Electra

Erogenous zone = the penis or vagina

Developmental task = resolution of Oedipal complex

Fixation = masturbation

47
Q

Latency period (_-__)
Erogenous zone =
Developmental task =

A

6-12 years (until puberty)

Erogenous zone = NONE

Developmental talk = reading & writing and making same-sexed friends

48
Q

Genital stage (_______-______)
Erogenous zone =
Developmental task =
Fixation =

A

puberty-onward

Erogenous zone = penis or vagina

Developmental task = establishing intimate relationships with someone of opposite sex

Fixation = masturbation

49
Q

What was the purpose of psychoanalysis?

Cause the individual to…

A

Cause the individual to have a full blown psychotic break and then Freud would reconstruct based on what he thought the personality should.

50
Q

Psychoanalysis would only occur to ____________ patients

A

hospitalized

51
Q

Psychanalysis - patient had no ability to ___________ by answering his ________. If they disagree, Freud called them as being
“__________”

A

participate; questions; resistant

52
Q

People that generally sought out Freud were…

A

wealthy white women

53
Q

Freud’s personality theory was based on…

A

5 wealthy white women

54
Q

Freud also believed that all psychopathology resulted of a woman unable to achieve an ______ through _______ __________.

A

orgasm; vaginal intercourse

55
Q

In psychoanalysis, patients often spent how long in therapy?

A

12 years

56
Q

What are the 3 main techniques of Freudian Therapy?

A

Dream analysis
Free association
Parapraxis

57
Q

Which of Freud’s main 3 techniques did he believe was the most important?

A

Dream analysis

58
Q

What was the goal of dream analysis?

A

to unlock contents of the unconscious
“The royal road to the unconscious”

59
Q

What are the 2 part of every dream according to Freud?

A

Manifest content
Latent content

60
Q

In dream analysis, what does manifest content refer to?

A

The dream narrative
The story which comprised the dream

61
Q

In dream analysis, what does latent content refer to?

A

Only known to Freud, could not be discovered by the person having the dream

62
Q

What does Freud’s Free association technique refer to?

A

50 minute sessions
Say everything that comes to mind
Freud provided interpretation of disclosure

63
Q

What does Freud’s Parapraxis technique refer to?

A

“The Freudian Slip”
Contents of the unconscious rising to consciousness
Today: verbal misfiring in the brain

64
Q

What is Transference in Freudian Therapy?

A

Inappropriate behavior of patient to the therapist
Normal artifact of being in therapy

65
Q

What is Countertransference in Freudian Therapy?

A

Inappropriate behavior of therapist

66
Q

What are the non-scientific critiques of Freud? (3)

A

o Concepts not well-defined
o Concepts reflect his personal pathology
o Claims are hard to falsify

67
Q

What are Freud’s contributions?

A

Legitimized psychotherapy
Defense mechanisms

68
Q

Frued - Research supported:
Importance of early _____________ ______
D______ m_________

A

childhood events
defense mechanisms

69
Q

Freud - more limited research support

A

Unconscious (very limited)
Dreams

70
Q

Freud - no research support

A

Parapraxis

71
Q

What are the stats for 2012 Statistic of Theoretical Orientation – Div. 12 of APA?

Cognitive-behavioral - __%
Eclectic - __%
Psychodynamic - __%

A

46
22
18

72
Q

What are the stats for 2013 Statistics of Canadian Psychological Association?

Cognitive-behavioral - __%
Eclectic - __%
Psychodynamic - __%
Systems - __%

A

56
34
28
22

73
Q

Carl Jun - Important Contributions

C__________ u_____________
(believed in only ________ and ___________)
First one to belive P_________ D__________ occurred over _____ _____
Creator of the terms E_________-I__________
First to talk about Personality T_____ and Personality T____

A

o Collective unconscious (believed in only conscious and unconscious)
o First one to believe Personality development occurred over life span
o Creator of the terms Extraversion – Introversion
o First to talk about Personality Types and Personality Tests

74
Q

Explain what Carl Jung believed about the psyche

A

The mind as a whole
Contains all conscious and unconscious processes

75
Q

Carl Jung – Levels of Consciousness (_ parts)

A

Unconscious
Conscious

76
Q

What is an architype?
How do we know they exist?

A

Emotionally charged images
We know they exist through dreams and hallucinations

Personality Psych (9 decks)

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