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Week 1 Chapters > Chapter 2: history Of medicine > Flashcards

Chapter 2: history Of medicine Flashcards

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1
Q

Caduceus

A

Recognized symbol for medicine, depicts a healing staff with two snakes coiled around it.

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2
Q

Pioneered the scientific study of causes of disease

A

Hippocrates

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3
Q

When was early medicine considered to have begun

A

15th century

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4
Q

Why was medical times considered the “dark ages”

A

Advances in all branches of learning came to a halt. No progress in medical practices. Poor personal hygiene, poor nutrition and lack of sanitation

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5
Q

Epidemic

A

Disease that infects a large part of population in one region or location at the same time

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6
Q

Known as the Father of Western Medicine

A

Hippocrates

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7
Q

Stressed the body’s healing nature, formed clinical descriptions of diseases, discovered the ability to identify diseases by listening to the chest

A

Hippocrates

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8
Q

Oath serve as a widely used ethical guide for physicians who pledge to do the patient no harm, to prescribe no deadly drugs, to give no advice that could cause death, and to keep confidential medical info regarding the patient

A

Hippocratic Oath

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9
Q

Greek physician. Stressed the value of anatomy and founded experimental physiology. Stated arteries contained blood. Known as prince of physicians

A

Galen

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10
Q

Devoted life to microscopic studies. Known as the first person to observe and describe bacteria.

A

Anton van Leewenhoek

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11
Q

Developed surgery and surgical pathology into a science. Noted as Founder of Scientific Surgery. Introduced flexible feeding tube into the stomach

A

John Hunter

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12
Q

Observed that dairy maids who had become infected with cowpox would not become infected with smallpox. Performed first vaccine using cowpox vaccine to combat smallpox

A

Edward Jenner

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13
Q

Invented the stethoscope

A

Rene Laennec

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14
Q

Credited with establishing the science of bacteriology. Work solved many medical problems including rabies, anthrax in sheep and cattle and cholera

A

Louis Pasteur

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15
Q

Pasteurization

A

Process of heating substances such as milk and cheese to a certain temp to destroy harmful disease causing bacteria

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16
Q

Anthrax

A

Deadly infections disease caused by bacillus anthracisis.

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17
Q

Introduced antiseptic system

A

Joseph Lister

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18
Q

Traced the spread of puerperal sepsis to the use of contaminated clothing and hands.

A

Ignaz Semmelweis

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19
Q

First female physician

A

Elizabeth Blackwell

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20
Q

Founder of modern nursing

A

Florence Nightingale

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21
Q

Established American Red Cross

A

Clara Barton

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22
Q

What causes AIDS

A

HIV. Human Immunodeficiency virus

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23
Q

Human genome project

A

Publicly funded international research project to sequence and identify human genes and record their positions on chromosomes

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24
Q

Enables doctors to routinely screen donor eggs for many inherited diseases

A

Human genome project

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25
MD stands for
Medical Doctor
26
DO stands for
Doctor of Osteopathic Medicine
27
What is the practice of medicine
The science of diagnosis, treatment, and prevention of disease
28
Osteopath
Places great emphasis on the relationship between the musculoskeletal system and organs of the body
29
Trained in the manipulation of spinal column and other areas of the body
Chiropractor
30
Naturopathic doctor
Focuses on holistic, proactive prevention and comprehensive diagnoses treatment
31
Licensure
License granted by Board of Medical Examiners
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33
Examination
Exam taken for licensure
34
Reciprocity
The state to which the physician is applying for a license will accept the state license that the physician holds in another state so that the physician will not have to take another examination
35
Registration
Necessary for a physician to maintain his or her license
36
Physician practices alone and is responsible for all administrative decisions associated with the practice
Solo practice
37
Consists of 3 or more physicians who share the same facility and practice medicine together
Group practice
38
Legal arrangement in which physicians agree to share a facility and staff
Associate Practiice
39
Established between two or more physicians is a legal agreement to share in the business operation of a medical practice
Partnership
40
Ensures endocrine system (glands and hormones secreted) properly communicates throughout body systems
Endocrinologist
41
Treats abnormal responses or acquired hypersensitivity to substances with medical methods that include testing and desensitization
Allergist. Allergy and Immunilogy
42
Treats injuries, growths, and infections relating to skin hair and nails
Dermatology
43
Treats patients who are obese
Beriatrics
44
Specializes in treatment of cardiovascular disease
Cardiology
45
Administer drugs both locally and generally to induce a partial or complete loss of feeling during a surgical procedure
Anesthesiology
46
Diagnoses and treats illnesses of gastrointestinal system. Includes treatment of ulcers, digestive problems, and obesity
Gastroenterology
47
Specializes in the practice of hospital medicine
Hospitalist
48
Medicine but to the patient population of adults 18 and over
Internal medicine
49
Study of otology (ear), rhinology (nose), and laryngology (throat)
Otorhinolaryngology
50
Treats lung problems
Pulmonology
51
Specializes in the development and care of children from birth to maturity
Pediatrics
52
Specializes in diagnosing abnormal changes in tissues that are removed during a surgical operation and postmortem exams
Pathology
53
Specializes in treating conditions of the foot, ankle, and or related structures of the lower leg
Podiatry
54
Specializes in diagnosis and treatment of patients with mental, behaviora, or emotional disorders. Qualified to administer meds
Psychiatry
55
Specializes in the diagnosis and treatment of disease by using various forms of medical imaging
Radiology
56
Helps with patients with urinary system problems and male reproductive system
Urologist
57
Treats disorders and conditions of the bones, joints, and muscles
Rheumatology
58
Invasive procedure that requires entering body by making incision or passing instruments through the skin and organs
Surgery
59
Refers to services provided to patients in a walk-in basis where no overnight stay is required
Outpatient
60
Care refers to services provided to patients who are in a facility overnight or on long-term basis
Inpatient
61
Site for care for major surgical procedures and other major health care services
Hospitals
62
Refers to the physicians right to practice medicine in a particular hospital or other health care facility
Medical privilege
63
Helps streamline the health care needs of patients by providing a cooperative team of health care specialists in one location
Patient centered medical homes
64
Provides care for older adults who could not care for themselves
Nursing home
65
Intended for patients who require skilled nursing care around the clock
Skilled nursing facility
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Intended for patients who are no longer able to live alone and care for themselves but do not require skilled nursing care in a 24-hour basis
Intermediate care facility
67
Provides services to patients who no longer need the skilled nursing care of a hospital but are still too ill or incapacitated to return home
Extended care facility
68
Offers living arrangements for older adults who are able to care for themselves and require minimum assistance
Assisted-living facility
69
Interdisciplinary program of care and supportive services that facilitate the care of terminally ill patients
Hospice
70
Professional organization in a specific healthcare field administers exams, maintains a list of qualified individuals
Registration
71
Government agency authorizes individuals to work in a given occupation
Licensure
72
Provides treatment to people who are mentally, physically, developmentally, or emotionally disabled
Occupational Therapist
73
Treatment of diseases or disabilities of the joints, bones, and nerves by massage, therapeutic exercises, and heat and cold treatments
Physical Therapist
74
Assists the physician in the primary care of patients
Physician Assistant
75
Evaluates, treats, and cares for patients with breathing problems
Respiratory Therapist
76
Skilled in applying the principles of good nutrition to food selection and meal preparation
Dietitian
77
Works directly with patient to clean teeth, takes oral X-rays, teaches oral health, and discusses results of dental exams with dentist
Dental hygienist
78
4 levels of Emergency Medical Services (EMS)
Emergency Medical Responders (EMR)- often first in scene Emergency Medical Technician (EMT)- provides basic level car Paramedics- performs all skills of EMT and AEMT
79
Refers to massive database known as medical records
Health information technology
80
Enters or types into a computer dictation that is taken from a recording machine or an audio tape
Medical transcriptionist
81
Supervise and support entire staff, requires someone with sound knowledge, excellent time management and communication skills
Office management
82
Responsible for clerical duties, reception work, and other communication duties.
Unit clerk

Week 1 Chapters (3 decks)

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