Chapter 2 : Materials and their structure Flashcards
Solids, liquids, and gasses. Changes of state. Explaining changes of state. The water cycle. Atoms, elements and the periodic table. Compounds and formulae. Compounds and mixtures.
1
Q
What are the rows in the periodic table called?
A
Periods
2
Q
What are the columns in the periodic table called?
A
Groups
3
Q
List the first 20 elements of the periodic table
A
Hydrogen, Helium, Lithium, Beryllium, Boron, Carbon, Nitrogen, Oxygen, Fluorine, Neon, Sodium, Magnesium, Aluminium, Silicon, Phosphorus, Sulfur, Chlorine, Argon, Potassium, Calcium
4
Q
Calcium
A
Ca
5
Q
Hydrogen
A
H
6
Q
Helium
A
He
7
Q
Lithium
A
Li
8
Q
Beryllium
A
Be
9
Q
Boron
A
B
10
Q
Carbon
A
C
11
Q
Nitrogen
A
N
12
Q
Oxygen
A
O
13
Q
Fluorine
A
F
14
Q
Neon
A
Ne
15
Q
Sodium
A
Na
16
Q
Magnesium
A
Mg
17
Q
Aluminium
A
Al
18
Q
Silicon
A
Si
19
Q
Phosphorus
A
P
20
Q
Sulfur
A
S
21
Q
Chlorine
A
Cl
22
Q
Argon
A
A
23
Q
Potassium
A
K
24
Q
What elements are in the compound CO2
A
One atom of carbon, two atoms of oxygen
25
What elements are in the compound H2S
Two hydrogen atoms and one sulfur atom
26
What is one calcium atom bonded with one oxygen atom as a chemical name?
CaO
27
Name 3 properties of solids
- Fixed shape
- Fixed volume
- Cannot be poured
28
Name 3 properties of liquids
- No fixed shape
- Fixed volume
- Can be poured
29
Name 3 properties of gases
- No fixed shape
- No fixed volume
- Can be poured
30
Which state of matter is compressed the easiest?
Gas
31
Use particle theory to explain how solid changes into liquid
When the solid is heated up, the particles vibrate faster and move further apart until it's fixed shape breaks, turning into a liquid.
32
Use particle theory to explain how a liquid turns into a solid
When the liquid loses heat energy, the particle move slower and closer together. The particles continue to move closer together until they become a fixed shape.
33
Use particle theory to explain how a liquid turns into gas
When he liquid is heated, the particles move faster and further apart. When the particles are far apart, some escape the liquid, turning into a gas.
34
What is an atom?
An atom is the smallest unit of matter that makes up everything.
35
What is a compound?
A compound is a substance that consists of two or more different elements bonded together
36
What is the difference between a mixture and a compound?
A mixture is a collection of elements while a compound is two or more elements chemically bonded toegther.
