Chapter 2 Medical Terms

Question 1

Abdonimal cavity

Answer 1

the cavity that contains the major organs of digestion

Question 2

Adenectomy

Answer 2

the surgical removal of a gland

Question 3

Adenocarcinoma

Answer 3

a malignant tumor that originates in glandular tissue

Question 4

Adenoma

Answer 4

benign tumor that arises in/resembles glandular tissue

Question 5

Adenomalacia

Answer 5

abnormal softening of a gland

Question 6

Adenosclerosis

Answer 6

abnormal hardening of a gland

Question 7

Anaplasia

Answer 7

a change in structure of cells and in their orientation to each other

Question 8

Anatomy

Answer 8

study of structures of the human body

Question 9

Anomaly

Answer 9

deviation from what is deemed normal

Question 10

Anterior

Answer 10

situated in the front

Question 11

Aplasia

Answer 11

the defective development or congenital absence of an organ or tissue

Question 12

Bloodborne Transmission

Answer 12

the spread of disease through contact with blood or other bodily fluids contaminated with blood

Question 13

Caudal

Answer 13

towards lower part of the body

Question 14

Cephalic

Answer 14

towards the head

Question 15

Chromosome

Answer 15

A genetic structure located within the nucleus

Question 16

Communicable disease

Answer 16

any disease transmitted from person to person directly or by indirect contact with contaminated objects

Question 17

Congenital Disease

Answer 17

an abnormal condition that exist at time of birth

Question 18

Distal

Answer 18

farthest from midline

Question 19

Dorsal

Answer 19

back or the body or organ

Question 20

Dysplasia

Answer 20

abnormal development or growth of cells, tissues, or organs

Question 21

Endemic

Answer 21

ongoing disease such as the common cold within a population or group of people

Question 22

Endocrine Glands

Answer 22

glands that secrete hormones right into the bloodstream

Question 23

Epidemic

Answer 23

sudden, widespread outbreak of disease within a specific population

Question 24

Epigastric Region

Answer 24

located above the stomach

Question 25

Etiology

Answer 25

the study of the causes of disease

Question 26

Exocrine Glands

Answer 26

glands that secrete substances into ducts leading to other organs or out of the body

Question 27

Functional disorder

Answer 27

produces symptoms for which no physiological or anatomical cause can be defined

Question 28

Genetic Disorder

Answer 28

a pathological condition caused by an absent or defective gene

Question 29

Geriatrician

Answer 29

a physician who specializes in the care of eldery people

Question 30

Hemophilia

Answer 30

a group of hereditary bleeding disorders in which a blood-clotting factor is missing

Question 31

Histology

Answer 31

The microscopic study of the structure, composition, and function of tissue

Question 32

Homeostasis

Answer 32

The processes through which the body maintains a constant internal environment

Question 33

Hyperplasia

Answer 33

the enlargement of an organ or tissue b/c of an abnormal increase in # of cells in tissue

Question 34

Hypertrophy

Answer 34

a general increase in the bulk of a body part due to an increase in SIZE of cells in tissue

Question 35

Hypogastric region

Answer 35

Region of abdomen located below the stomach

Question 36

Hypoplasia

Answer 36

incomplete development of an organ or tissue due to a deficiency in # of cells

Question 37

Iatrogenic illness

Answer 37

unfavorable response due to a prescribed medical treatment

Question 38

Idiopathic disorder

Answer 38

an illness without knowing the cause

Question 39

Inguinal

Answer 39

relating to the groin; entire lower portion of the abdomen

Question 40

Medial

Answer 40

toward the midline of the body

Question 41

Mesentary

Answer 41

the fused double layer of the parietal peritoneum that attaches parts of the intestine to the interior abdominal wall

Question 42

Midsagittal Plane

Answer 42

the vertical plane that divides the body into equal left and right halves

Question 43

Nosocomial Infection

Answer 43

a disease in a hospital or clinical setting

Question 44

Pandemic

Answer 44

a disease outbreak occurring over a large geographic area, possibly worldwide

Question 45

Pelvic cavity

Answer 45

the space formed by the hip bones that contains reproductive and excretory system

Question 46

Peritoneum

Answer 46

the multilayered membrane that protects and hold the organs in place within the abdominal cavity

Question 47

Peritointis

Answer 47

inflammation of the peritoneum

Question 48

Phenylketonuria

Answer 48

genetic disorder in which the essential digestive enzyme phenylalanine hydroxylase is missing

Question 49

Physiology

Answer 49

study of function of body structures

Question 50

Posterior

Answer 50

situate in the back or on the back part of an organ

Question 51

Proximal

Answer 51

Nearest or towards the midline

Question 52

Retroperitoneal

Answer 52

located being the peritoneum

Question 53

Stem cells

Answer 53

unspecialized cells that renew themselves for long periods of time though cell division

Question 54

Thoracic Cavity

Answer 54

surrounds and protects the heart and lungs (chest cavity)

Question 55

Transverse plane

Answer 55

Horizontal plane dividing the body into upper and lower. parts

Question 56

Umbilicus

Answer 56

The pit in the center of the abdominal wall that marks where the umbilical cord attached before birth

Question 57

Vector-borne transmission

Answer 57

the spread of a disease due to the bite of a vector capable of transmitting a disease

Question 58

Ventral

Answer 58

Front or belly side of the body/organ