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Medical Terminology > Chapter 2 part 3 > Flashcards

Chapter 2 part 3 Flashcards

(63 cards)

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1
Q

poster/o

A

back

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2
Q

plasia

A

formation

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3
Q

nosocomial infection

A

acquired in a hospital

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4
Q

idiopathic disease

A

any disease with an unknown cause

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5
Q

iatrogenic illness

A

state of ill health or adverse effect caused by medical treatment; it usually results from a mistake made in treatment, and can also be the fault of a nurse, therapist or pharmacist.
ex chemo

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6
Q

organic disease

A

An organic disease is one that can be validated and quantified through the standardized biological measures known as biomarkers.

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7
Q

inguinal area

A

entire lower area of the abdomen

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8
Q

exocrine glands

A

secrete chemical substances into ducts

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9
Q

distal

A

more distant

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10
Q

study of the causes of diseases

A

etiology

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11
Q

functional disorder

A

medical condition that impairs normal functioning of bodily processes that remains largely undetected under examination, dissection or even under a microscope. At the exterior, there is no appearance of abnormality.

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12
Q

waterborne transmission

A

conditions caused by pathogenic micro-organisms that are transmitted in water. These diseases can be spread while bathing, washing, drinking water, or by eating food exposed to contaminated water.

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13
Q

carci

A

cancer

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14
Q

nephrosis

A

abnormal condition in the kidney

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15
Q

peri

A

surrounding

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16
Q

pyelo

A

renal pelvis part of kidney

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17
Q

myco

A

combining form for fungus

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18
Q

myelo

A

spinal cord or bone marrow

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19
Q

neurotomy

A

surgical incision into a nerve

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20
Q

malacia

A

abnormal softening

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21
Q

angio

A

blood vessels

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22
Q

genetic mutation

A

change of the sequence of a DNA molecule can be caused by exposure to radiation or environmental pollution

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23
Q

somatic cell mutation

A

change within the cells of the body that affect the individual but cannot be passed on

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24
Q

gametic cell mutation

A

change within the genes in a gamete that can be passed on to children

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25
genetic engineering
manipulating or splicing of genes for scientific or medical purposes
26
genetic disorder
aka hereditary disorder is a pathological condition caused by an absent or defective gene
27
cystic fibrosis
a genetic disorder that is present at birth and affects both the respiratory and digestive systems
28
down syndrome
a genetic variation that is associated with a characteristic facial appearance, learning disabilities, developmental delays and physical abnormalities such as heart valve disease
29
hemophilia
a group of hereditary bleeding disorders in which a blood clotting factor is missing
30
Huntingtons Disease (HD)
a genetic disorder that is passed from parent to child with a 50-50 chance of getting it, causes nerve degeneration starting in midlife
31
degeneration
worsening condition
32
muscular dystrophy
a group of genetic diseases that are characterized by progressive weakness and degeneration of skeletal muscles that control movement
33
phenylketonuria (pku)
a rare genetic disorder in which the essential digestive enzyme phenylalanine hydroxylase is missing
34
tissue
a group or layer of similarly specialized cells that join together to perform certain specific functions
35
histology
microscopic study of the structure, composition and function of tissues
36
hist
tissues
37
histologist
a non-physician specialist who studies the microscopic structure of tissues
38
epithelial tissue
forms a protective covering for all of the internal and external surfaces of the body
39
epithelium
specialized epithelial tissue that forms the epidermis of the skin and the surface layer of mucous membranes
40
endothelium
specialized epithelial tissue that lines the blood and lymph vessels, body cavities, glands and organs
41
connective tissues
support and connect organs and other body tissues
42
dense connective tissues
such as bone and cartilage form the joints and framework of the body
43
adipose tissue
aka fat, provides protective padding, insulation and support
44
adip
fat
45
ose
pertaining to
46
loose connective tissue
surrounds various organs and supports both nerve cells and blood vessels
47
liquid connective tissues
blood and lymph, transport nutrients and waste products throughout the body
48
muscle tissues
contains cells with the specialized ability to contract and relax
49
nerve tissue
contains cells with specialized ability to react to stimuli and conduct electrical impulses
50
aplasia
defective development or the congenital absence of an organ or tissue
51
a
without
52
plasia
formation
53
hypoplasia
incomplete development of an organ or tissue, usually due to a deficiency in the number of cells
54
anaplasia
a change in the structure of cells and their orientation to each other
55
ana
backward
56
dysplasia
abnormal development or growth of cells, tissues or organs
57
hyperplasia
enlargement of an organ or tissue because of an abnormal increase in the number of cells in the tissues
58
hypertrophy
general increase in the bulk of a body part or organ that is due to an increase in the size but not in the number of cells in the tissues, not due to tumor formation
59
gland
a group of specialized epithelial cells that are capable of producing secretions
60
secretion
substance produced by a gland
61
exocrine glands
secrete chemical substances into ducts that lead either to other organs or out of the body
62
endocrine glands
produce hormones, do not have ducts, hormones are secreted directly into the bloostream
63
crine
secrete

Medical Terminology (26 decks)

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