Chapter 2: Perception Of Self And Others

Question 1

Behaviors designed to increase interpersonal attractiveness

Answer 1

Affinity-Seeking Strategies

Question 2

A process by which you focus on explaining why someone behaved as he or she did

Answer 2

Attribution of Control

Question 3

Messages or people who are very different from each other probably don’t belong together, and do not constitute a set or group

Answer 3

Contrast

Question 4

Attempts to establish a perception by others of your competence, character, and charisma

Answer 4

Credibility Strategies

Question 5

Tendency to disclose more in certain situations than in others; usually used to refer to the tendency to be more uninhibited in online messaging

Answer 5

Disinhibition Effect

Question 6

Tendency to attribute a persons behavior to the kind of person he or she is (internal factors, personality) and not to give sufficient importance to the situation the person is in

Answer 6

Fundamental Attribution Error

Question 7

Techniques used to communicate or to confirm you self-image

The image you want others to see

Answer 7

Image-Confirming Strategies

Question 8

Tendency to disregard outward signs of success and to consider yourself an “imposter”, a fake, a fraud, one who doesn’t really deserve to be considered successful

Answer 8

Impostor Phenomenon

Question 9

Process you go through in forming an impression you want the other person to have of you

Answer 9

Impression Formation

Question 10

Process you go through to create the impression you want the other person to have of you

Answer 10

Impression Management

Question 11

Strategies designed to influence that attitudes or behaviors of others

Answer 11

Influencing Strategies

Question 12

Diagram of the four selves that illustrates the different kinds of information in each self
Examples: open, blind, hidden, unknown

Answer 12

Johari Window

Question 13

Belief that the world is just

Good things happen to good people and bad things happen to bad people

Answer 13

Just World Hypothesis

Question 14

Self-concept that results from the image of yourself that others reveal to you

Answer 14

Looking-Glass Self

Question 15

The need and desire to be autonomous, to have the right to do as one wishes

Answer 15

Negative Face

Question 16

Tendency to attribute a great deal of what a person does or believes to one or two obvious characteristics of the person

Answer 16

Overattribution

Question 17

Process of becoming aware of objects and events via the senses

Answer 17

Perception

Question 18

Process of verifying your understanding of some message or situation or feeling to reduce uncertainty

Answer 18

Perception Checking

Question 19

Strategies that supports another’s face needs and may be used as a strategy to appear likeable

Answer 19

Politeness Strategies

Question 20

Need and desire to be viewed positively by others

To be thought of favorably

Answer 20

Positive Face

Question 21

Condition by which what comes first exerts greater influence than what comes later

Answer 21

Primacy Effect

Question 22

A principle of perception
We generally use early information to get a general impression of a person and use later information to add specificity to this impression

Answer 22

Primacy-Recency

Question 23

A principle of perception
Tendency to perceive people or events that are physically close as belonging together or representing some kind of a unit
Physical closeness is one factor influencing this

Answer 23

Proximity

Question 24

Condition in which we made a prediction of success, act as if it were true, and thereby make it come true
Type of self-fulfilling prophecy

Answer 24

Pygmalion Effect

Question 25

Condition in which what comes last exerts greater influence than what comes first Example: happened most recently

Answer 25

Recency Effect

Question 26

Tendency to attend those things that you want to see or that you expect to see

Answer 26

Selective Attention

Question 27

Tendency to listeners to actively seek out information that supports their existing opinions, beliefs, attitudes, and values and to actively avoid information that contradicts them

Answer 27

Selective Exposure

Question 28

Tendency to perceive certain things and not others | Includes selective attention and selective exposure

Answer 28

Selective Perception

Question 29

The degree to which you know yourself

Answer 29

Self-Awareness

Question 30

An individual's self-evaluation or self-approval | Learn who you are, see yourself through the eyes of others, etc.

Answer 30

Self-Concept

Question 31

Techniques used to signal your inability to do some task or your incompetence to encourage another to help you out

Answer 31

Self-Deprecating Strategies

Question 32

Beliefs that create problems | Often beliefs that are unrealistic and set goals that are impossible to achieve

Answer 32

Self-Destructive Beliefs

Question 33

Process of revealing something about yourself to another person. Usually refers to information that would normally be kept hidden

Answer 33

Self-Disclosure

Question 34

The value you place on yourself; your self evaluation | Usually refers to a positive self-evaluation

Answer 34

Self-Esteem

Question 35

Situation in which you make a prediction or prophecy that comes true because you can act on it as if it were true

Answer 35

Self-Fulfilling Prophecy

Question 36

Techniques used to excuse possible failure Examples: setting up barriers, or obstacles to make a task impossible so that when you fail you won't be blamed or thought ineffective

Answer 36

Self-Handicapping Strategies

Question 37

Censor what you say or do

Answer 37

Self-Monitoring Strategies

Question 38

A bias in the self-attribution process that leads us to take credit for positive consequences and to deny responsibility for negative outcomes of our behaviors

Answer 38

Self-Serving Bias

Question 39

Principle of perception Tendency to see things that are physically similar as belonging together and/or constituting a unit Tendency to be attracted to people with qualities similar to your own

Answer 39

Similarity

Question 40

In communication, a fixed impression of a group of people through which we then perceive specific individuals Most often negative but may also be positive

Answer 40

Stereotype