Chapter 2 Study Guide Flashcards
(34 cards)
What is an isotope
An atom with extra neutrons
Positively or negatively charged
What kind of bond holds a water molecule together
Hydrogen bond
What is the difference between adhesion and cohesion
Cohesion is the attraction to molecules of the same substance to the same substance
Adhesion is when molecules stick to other things
What are monosaccharide?
Simple sugars, 1 sugar
Examples: Fructose, glucose, ribose
Polysaccharides
Many sugars
Glycogen
Starch
Cellulose
What is the molecular formula for carbohydrates
C6H12O6
The 4 macromolecules found in living things
Nucleic acids, lipids, proteins, carbohydrates
Nucleic acids examples
DNA and RNA
What do enzymes do
They speed up the process of chemical reactions
Catalysts
They lower the activation energy for reactions
Hydrophilic
Likes water
The polar head of the lipid
Hydrophobic
The non polar tail of the lipid
Doesn’t like water
What do you nucleic acids do
This store in transit hereditary or genetic information
Plants and animals store excess sugar as….
Starch
3 categories of lipids
Oils, fats, waxes
The components of lipids include a glycerol molecule combined with …….. tail.
Fatty acid
The monomer that make you nucleic acids are known as….
Nucleotides
Proteins are polymers called…..
Amino acids which are monomers
What is the function of ATP?
The cells use it for energy/storage source
Diffusion
Particles move form a high to low concentration to reach equilibrium
Osmosis
From low to a higher concentration.
The diffusion if water through a selectively permeable membrane
Cell membrane vs wall
Membrane present in both[plant and animal]cells, the wall is only present in plants cells
Pressure that keeps plant cell walls rigid is
Turgor pressure
Endocytosis
Brings stuff in
