Stem PGLO quiz Flashcards
(28 cards)
Biotechnology
Use of biological organisms to develop products
recombinant DNA
Artificially combining dna from 2 different organisms. Possibly due to the universal structure of DNA
E.coli
Rod- shaped Bacteria found in the human intestine used for rDNA research
Plasmid
Small circular molecule of DNA found in some bacteria. Carries genes for antibiotic resistance(ampicillin)
Bacteriophage
A virus that infects bacteria(E.coli)
by injecting its viral DNA into the bacterial dna
Restriction enzymes
Enzymes that cut dna at specific base sequences
Ex. ECO RI
Occur naturally in bacteria to cut viral dna as defense from infections
Like scissors
Recognition site
Sequence of 4,6,8 bases of the same molecule that is recognized and cut by a restriction enzyme
Sticky ends
Uneven single strand ends of dna after it is cut by a restriction enzyme. These ends are chemically sticky because they attach to the ends of other DNA fragments cut by the same restriction enzyme.
Like tape
Are complimentary
Gene cloning
Production of many genetically identical individuals each genetically engineered to produce a desired gene product.(bacteria cells cloning the human insulin gene)
DNA fingerprinting
Identification of individuals by the unique size/patterns of DNA fragments which result by cutting DNA with restriction enzymes
Electrophoresis
Use of an electric field to separate DNA fragments by size
Agar
Provides a solid matrix to support bacterial growth. Contains nutrient mixture of carbohydrates, amino acids, nucleotides, salts, and vitamins
Arabinose
A carbohydrate normally used as a source of food by bacteria
Colony
A clump of genetically identical bacterial cells growing on an agar plate. Because all the cells in a single colony are genetically identical they are called clones.
Genetic engineering
The manipulation of an organisms genetic material(DNA) but introducing or eliminating specific genes
Green fluorescent protein(GFP)
Originally isolated from the bio luminescent jellyfish, Aequorea victoria. The gene for GFP has recently been cloned. Do you need three dimensional conformation of GFP causes it to resonate when exposed to ultraviolet and give us energy in the form of visible green light
pGLO
Plasmid containing the GFP sequence in ampicillin resistance gene which codes for Beta-lactamase
Streaking
Process of passing and inoculating loop with bacteria on it across an agar plate
What does LB agar do in the pGLO lab
Growth media – home for bacteria and food source. Luria broth in solid form
Ampicillin do in the pGLO lab?
(Antibiotics)- kills off all the bacteria that is not able to take in the GFP
What does transformation solution(CaCl2) do?
Works in the same way as the heat shock; also breaks down cell walls to help ensure plasmid(foreign DNA) can go in
Heat shock in pGLO Lab?
Opens up the rigid bacteria wall so the plasmid can pass through
Arabinose in pGLO Lab?
(Sugar) - pGLO only thrives off of the arabinose
LB broth in the pGLO lab
Luria broth in liquid form; used to help bacteria recover from heat shock
