Chapter 2 Test

Question 0

Fracture

Answer 0

Tendency to beak with rough or jagged edges

Question 1

Cleavage

Answer 1

Tendency to break along smooth flat surfaces

Question 2

Hardness

Answer 2

The measure of how easily a mineral can be scratched

Question 3

Luster

Answer 3

Reflection of light from a minerals surface

Question 4

Streak

Answer 4

Color left by powdered mineral on unglazed porcelain

Question 5

What three tests can you perform to help you identify an unknown mineral sample?

Answer 5

Hardness,cleavage or fracture test, streak and luster

Question 6

What are minerals?

Answer 6

A naturally occurring,inorganic, solid substance with a specific composition and crustal structure

Question 7

Why is color NOT a good property to use to identify a mineral sample?

Answer 7

Many minerals share the same color

Question 8

Igneous rocks

Answer 8

Form from the cooling and solidification of magma or lava

Question 9

Where do igneous rocks form?

Answer 9

1) intrusive environment-form below earths surface, slow cooling, large crystals
2) extrusive environment-form on ergs surface, rapid cooling,fine or no crystals

Question 10

All igneous rocks begin in the______ state of matter

Answer 10

Liquid

Question 11

Lava

Answer 11

Molten rock at Earths surface

Question 12

Magma

Answer 12

Molten rock within Earths surface

Question 13

What three ways that scientists use to classify igneous rocks?

Answer 13

Texture, rate of cooling and origin

Question 14

Describe how cooling affects the size of mineral grains in an igneous rock

Answer 14

The slower the rate of cooling the bigger the crystals

Question 15

Sedimentary rocks

Answer 15

Form from the accumulation of sediments on Earths surface

Question 16

Types of textures of sedimentary rocks

Answer 16

Clastic
Crystalline
Bioclastic

Question 17

How to determine a sedimentary rock?

Answer 17

Texture and composition

Question 18

Put the following sediments in SMALLEST TO LARGEST(6)

Answer 18

Clay,silt,sand,pebbles,cobbles and boulders

Question 19

What are metamorphic rocks made form?

Answer 19

Pre-existing rock

Question 20

Regional metamorphism

Answer 20

• changed by intense pressure
• deep within the earths crust
• texture foliated
• large geographic area

Question 21

Contact metamorphism

Answer 21

• the rock is recrystallized by heats of magma and lava
• non foliated
• small geographic area

Question 22

How to identify metamorphic rocks?

Answer 22

Texture and mineral composition

Question 23

Explain why metamorphic rocks don’t form on the earths surface

Answer 23

There’s no pressure

Question 24

Which rock type forms deep below earths surface?

Answer 24

Metamorphic rock

Question 25

Which rock type forms in bodies of water?

Answer 25

Sedimentary rock

Question 26

Which rock type forms both on and below the surface of the earth?

Answer 26

Igneous rocks

Question 27

Dilute hydrochloric acid test is for the mineral________

Answer 27

Calcite

Question 28

Crystal structure(shape) is a result of an____________

Answer 28

Orderly atomic structure