Chapter 20 - James II & Catholicism Flashcards
What 2 rebellions failed in 1685?
Earl of Argyl’s rebellion
Monmouth’s rebellion (James I illegitimate son)
How does James respond to the 1685 rebellions?
Brutally
Putting Catholics in positions of power
How did James deal with Monmouth’s rebellion?
What is this known as?
250 sentenced to death
800 enslaved & sent to West Indies
The Bloody Assizes
When was James II’s 1st Parliament?
1685
Less than 2 weeks long
What did Parliament initially vote to give James in his 1st Parliament?
£2 million annually
Army of 20,000
Why did James prorogue Parliament after less than 2 weeks?
James appoints 90 Catholic officers
Causes tension & a constitutional clash
When was the Godden vs. Hales case?
What was it?
1686
James trying to repeal Penal laws persecution Catholics
Shows James’ will & anti-Cath opposition
How did the Godden vs. Hales case challenge James?
Challenged extent of his prerogative
How did James ensure the court ruled in his favour in the Godden vs. Hales case?
What did he outcome ensure?
Removed 6 judges
Ensured he could enforce his religious policy
What actions did James take after the Godden vs. Hales case? (3)
Appoints 4 Caths to Privy Council
Issues Declaration of Preachers (ensuring his policy is enforced)
Absolutist lawyers to find legal justifications
Who oversaw matters in Ireland for James?
What were the aims for Ireland?
Earl of Tyrconnell
Reverse Irish Cromwellian policies
Promote Catholics/persecute Protestants
What was the outcome of James’ actions in Ireland?
Upsets balance
Old issues re-emerge
Who does James give religious freedom to in Scotland?
When?
Quakers, not Presbyterians
1687
What was the Declaration of Indulgence?
1687
Toleration of Catholics in Scotland
Rights of worship for Presbyterians
But not complete freedom
When was James’ 2nd Parliament?
What was his aim?
1687
Ensure Catholic loyalty of local government figures: Lord Lieutenants, Justices & Deputies of the Peace
