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Intro to Rad (RADT 130) > Chapter 20 Pharmacology > Flashcards

Chapter 20 Pharmacology Flashcards

1
Q

ac

A

before meals

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2
Q

bid

A

twice a day

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3
Q

et

A

and

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4
Q

g

A

gram

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5
Q

gtt

A

Drop(s)

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6
Q

h

A

hour

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7
Q

hs

A

at bedtime

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8
Q

hypo

A

hypodermic(ally)

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9
Q

IM

A

intramuscular(ly)

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10
Q

IV

A

Intravenous(ly)

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11
Q

mg

A

milligram

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12
Q

mL

A

milliliter

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13
Q

mm

A

millimeter

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14
Q

od

A

in the right eye

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15
Q

os

A

in the left eye

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16
Q

pc

A

after meals

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17
Q

PO

A

by mouth

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18
Q

prn

A

as needed

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19
Q

qh

A

every hour

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20
Q

q2h

A

every 2 hours

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21
Q

q3h

A

every 3 hours

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22
Q

qid

A

four times a day

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23
Q

sc

A

subcutaneous

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24
Q

stat

A

immediately

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25
Q

tid

A

three times a day

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26
Q

the rights of drug administration

A 
Right Drug
Right Amount
Right Patient
Right Time
Right Route
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27
Q

what must you do before contrast administration

A

you must have the patients consent and go through a history with a patient before injecting

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28
Q

do not administer a drug ……

A

that you have not seen someone draw up

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29
Q

if you are helping someone draw up or prepare, show the container how many times before they draw it up

A

3
1.once when getting out of pixus or off shelf
2.when drug is removed from container (for instance when you have drawn it up)
3. when container is replaced
Never use unlabeled or expired drugs

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30
Q

What do they mean by right amount?

A

measure carefully and accurately: right size syringe

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31
Q

What is meant by right patient?

A

Ask patient identifiers: name, check wristband, birthdate

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32
Q

What is meant by right time?

A

Physician or practitioner determines time, NOT Rad. Tech

33
Q

What are the right routes?

A 
oral
sublingual
tongue
parenteral
bolus injection
drip infusion
34
Q

what is drip infusion?

A

intravenous infusion

  • permits large amount of contrast or drug over longer period of time
  • drug or contrast agent is contained in an intravenous solution bag or bottle which is hung upside down
35
Q

what is Bolus injection?

A

-Bolus injection provides a rapid introduction of contrast agent or drug in the vascular system. Requires drawing contrast agent into a syringe.

36
Q

Rate is controlled by what 5 pts.?

A
  • gauge of needle
  • amount of contrast (drug)
  • viscosity of contrast (drug)
  • stability of vein
  • force applied by person performing injection or injector machine such as in CT or angiography
37
Q

resistance of fluid/consistency.

A

Viscosity (high viscosity thick and slow to flow)

38
Q

What is parenteral?

A

by injection or route other than digestive tract

  • if drug injected incorrectly, may cause nerve damage or introduce microorganisms in to system
  • intramuscular: rapid onset
  • subcutaneous: slow constant absorption
  • intravenous-immediate onset
39
Q

what is the oral route?

A

make sure they are conscious and head elevated

most common

40
Q

what is the sublingual route?

A

under tongue and allowed to dissolve, never should be swallowed
Nitroglycerin is common sublingual drug

41
Q

What is the topical route?

A

directly onto skin
unit dose device for topical, such as transdermal patch
precise dose released over specified period of time

42
Q

The first name, when a drug developed, is likely the

A

chemical name

43
Q

The _____ is usually a simplified version or spin off of the chemical name. Also called the nonproprietary name

A

generic name

44
Q

names given to a drug to specify that a drug is made by that specific company.

A

Trade names, proprietary names, brand names, or trademark names

45
Q

Dosage “Forms”

A

Tablet

Capsule

Inhalation

Suppository

Solution

Suspension

Transdermal patch

46
Q

two types of anesthetics

A

general and local

47
Q

-Act on CNS to produce loss of sensation

A

anesthetics

48
Q

example of an old-fashioned general anesthetic and modern

A

ether;pentothal

49
Q

block nerve conduction to that specific part of the body

A

locals

50
Q

examples of locals

A

novacaine and lidocaine

51
Q

Treat anxiety.

Act on the central nervous system to calm the patient.

A

anxiety agents

52
Q

examples of anxiety agents

A

valium, versed, xanax

53
Q

Used to treat heart arrhythmias

A

Antiarrhythymics

54
Q

example of antiarrhythymics

A

cordarone

55
Q

Used to destroy or inhibit growth of microorganisms. -Two kinds, broad spectrum and narrow spectrum

A

antibiotics

56
Q

example of antibiotics

A

erythromycin narrow spectrum. -
Example, “Z-pack,” or Cipro, broad
spectrum

57
Q

Reduce smooth muscle tone, motility of gastrointestinal tract, and secretions of respiratory tract and secretory glands.

A

Anticholinergics

58
Q

example of anticholinergics

A

atropine- will see on crash carts

59
Q

Slows down the coagulation of blood. -Prevent thromoembolic disorders

A

anticoagulants

60
Q

example of anticoagulants

A

Coumadin or oral anticoagulants

61
Q

Drugs used to prevent or control seizures, either grand mal or petite mal.

A

Anticonvulsants

62
Q

example of anticonvulsants

A

Dilantin (Phenytoin) for “generalized tonic

  • clonic (grand mal) seizures.”
  • Depakote controls “absence seizures” (petit mal
63
Q

treatment of depression

A

antidepressants

64
Q

examples of antidepressants

A

Selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors (such as Prozac, Zoloft, and Paxel). side effects can be nausea and vomiting

65
Q

used for panic disorders

A

SSRI

66
Q

two types of diabetes

A

type 1-diabetic mellitus (DM)

type 2-

67
Q

insulin used to treat which type of diabetes

A

type 1

68
Q

Drugs used to prevent and treat nausea and vomiting. -Better to be given before onset of symptoms

A

antiemetics

69
Q

examples of antiemetics

A

Compazine and zofran

70
Q

Suppress or destroy fungi.

A

Antifungal Agents

71
Q

Treat both acute and chronic allergic disorders. -Two groups: sedating (first generation) and nonsedating (second generation).

A

Antihistamines

72
Q

examples of antihistamines

A
  • Benadryl (sedating) will be on crash cart. If emergency then administered intramuscularly.
  • Claratin (nonsedating) orally for not as severe allergic disorders
73
Q

Reduce lipid levels in blood stream. -If build up of lipid levels, then the term to use to refer to this condition= atherosclerosis

A

antihyperlipdemic agents

74
Q

leading cause of death in US for both sexes

A

atherosclerosis

75
Q

examples of antihyperlipdemics

A

Lipitor and Zocor. -Can cause some constipation, abd. pain, and/or muscle pain.

76
Q

used to treat hypertension

A

anithypertensives

77
Q

examples of antihypertensives

A

Tenormin (atenolol), Lopressor (metoprolol), Vasotec (enalapril)

78
Q

Inhibit platelet build up in blood stream.

  • Needed when MI’s, strokes, TIA’s.
  • Often called “blood thinners.”
A

antiplatelets

79
Q

examples of antiplatelets

A

Aspirin

  • Clopidogrel (Plavix).
  • Abciximab (Repro).
  • Can cause bleeding. For these patients hold pressure longer after injections!

Intro to Rad (RADT 130) (6 decks)

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