Chapter 20 - Whose Government? Politics, Populists, and Progressives, 1880-1917 Flashcards
(36 cards)
Mary E. Lease
Populist political advocate and leader of the temperance and women’s suffrage movements
William Jennings Bryan
dominant Populist force who was the Democratic presidential candidate three times
Theodore Roosevelt
vice president during McKinley’s second term who was sworn in as the 26th president after his assassination
Robert La Follette
Republican governor of Wisconsin (1901-1905) who promoted the Wisconsin Idea
Louis Brandeis
lawyer and associate justice on the Supreme Court
W.E.B. Du Bois
African American sociologist and civil rights activist
Eugene V. Debs
socialist union leader and founding member of the IWW
Progressive Era
era between the end of Reconstruction and the beginning of World War I; four goals - to clean up politics, limit the power of big business, reduce poverty, promote social justice
“waving the bloody shirt”
referred to politicians who brought up old animosities from the Civil War era that should have been set aside
Gilded Age
name for the Progressive Era that refers to the corruption and stagnancy of politics at the time
Pendleton Act (1883)
established nonpartisan Civil Service Commission to fill federal jobs by examination
Mugwumps
branch of reform-minded Republicans who left the party in 1884 to support Democratic presidential candidate Grover Cleveland
Sherman Antitrust Act (1890)
forbade anticompetitive business activities, requiring federal investigation of trusts and companies operating in violation of the act
Lodge Bill (1890)
proposed that whenever 100 citizens in a district appealed for intervention, a bipartisan federal board could investigate and set the rightful winner (not passed)
Omaha Platform (1892)
statement by Populists calling for stronger government to protect ordinary Americans
free silver
policy of loosening the money supply by expanding federal coinage to include silver and gold
Williams v. Mississippi
1898 Supreme Court ruling that allowed states to impose poll taxes and literacy tests
“Solid South”
post-Reconstruction goal of almost complete electoral control of the South by the Democratic Party
Populism
a political movement that sought to represent the interests of ordinary people
Lochner v. New York
1905 Supreme Court ruling that New York State could not limit bakers’ workday to ten hours because that violated bakers’ rights to make contracts
William McKinley
25th president whose victory was widely understood as a triumph for business
Newlands Reclamation Act (1902)
allowed the federal government to sell public lands to raise money for irrigation projects that expanded agriculture on arid lands
William Howard Taft
27th president
Wisconsin Idea
policy promoted by Robert La Follette for greater government intervention in the economy with reliance on experts for policy recommendations