Chapter 2.1 - Basic Chemistry Flashcards
(30 cards)
Energy
The ability to do work or to cause a change
Matter
Anything that occupies space and has mass
What are the two basic components of the universe? Why?
Matter and Energy. Because they exists and work together.
Atom
The smallest unit of an element.
Molecule
A distinct group of atoms bounded together.
Compound
A pure substance that is made of two or more elements that are chemically combined.
Mixture
Two substances are combined without chemical bonding.
What are the two types of chemical bonding?
Ionic and Covalent.
Ionic Bonding
The attraction between the oppositely charged ions.
Covalent Bonding
The sharing of electrons.
Chemical Change
The atoms of a substance bond with different atoms or compounds.
Physical Change
The process if altering the state of something, its appearance, or its combination with substances, without involving change in electron sharing or giving.
Neutron
Subatomic particle with no charge. Neutral.
Proton
Subatomic particle with positive charge.
Electron
Subatomic particle with a negative charge.
Isotope
Atoms with the same number of protons but different number of neutrons.
Ion
An atom that has a charge. Unequal number of protons an neutrons.
Hydrogen Bond
Attraction formed between the hydrogen atom of one molecule and a negatively charged oxygen, nitrogen, or fluorine atom of an adjacent molecule.
List 3 Characteristics of Chemical Changes
Chemical changes take place in definite proportions.
New compounds are formed and there is a release of elements.
Energy is involved.
3 Basic States of Matter:
Solid.
Liquid.
Gas.
Which elements are essential to life?
The first five.
Which elements are essential in smaller amounts? What are they called?
The next six.
Trace elements.
Where are neutrons located in the cell?
Nucleus.
Where are protons located in the cell?
Nucleus.
