chapter 2.1 past papers questions

Question 1

Skills in sport can be classified in different ways.
Define the term ‘continuous skill’. Give a sporting example

Answer 1

AO1
* Definition: A skill with no clear beginning or end. (1)
AO2
* Sporting example: Running/swimming/cycling. (1)

Question 2

Explain why bowling in cricket might not be placed exactly at either end of the
Gross – Fine continuum

Answer 2

• Bowling can be placed towards gross/away from fine as it requires large muscle groups to generate
  speed. (1)
• Bowling can be placed towards fine/away from gross as it requires smaller muscle groups for
  accuracy/produce spin. (1)

Question 3

Explain the advantages and disadvantages of using whole practice when learning a
dance routine

Answer 3

Advantages
* Time efficient so can learn a new routine/several routines quickly for an upcoming competition or show
(1)
* Fluency/relationship between subroutines is maintained which is vital for an aesthetic dance (1)
* Mental picture of whole dance can be developed aiding memory/future performances (1)
Disadvantages
* A whole new dance routine may be too much information which is difficult for the performer to
remember (1)
* Doesn’t allow the development of new/weaker skills as the performer is attempting the whole
routine/not focussing on developing specific new skills (1)
* May cause fatigue leading to errors/injury (1)

Question 4

Which of the following would sit nearest to the closed end of the continuum?
A Bowling in cricket
B Centre pass in netball
C Long shot in golf
D Shot put in athletic

Answer 4

D

Question 5

Define bilateral transfer.

Answer 5

the transference of physical performance learned by one side of the body to the
opposite side of the body (1)

Question 6

Give a sporting example of bilateral transfer

Answer 6

• Learning to throw with your left (non-dominant) hand after learning how to throw with your right
  (dominant) hand (1).
• Learning to kick with your left (non-dominant) foot after learning how to kick with your right (dominant)
  foot (1).

Question 7

Discuss the effectiveness of using massed practice with performers in gymnastics

Answer 7

For (sub max 3)
* Helps develop motor programmes/allows overlearning of a named gymnastic skill or routine (1).
* Increased sports specific fitness due to repeatedly performing a named gymnastic skill or routine (1).
* Time efficient which may allow the learning of a specific routine in the lead up to a competition (1).
* Particularly suited to closed, self-paced skills like a gymnastics routine (1).
Against (sub max 3)
* Limited time for feedback which may limit error correction in named gymnastic skill or routine (1).
* Fatiguing which may cause a decrease in gymnastic performance/increased likelihood of injury in
dangerous sport like gymnastics (1).
* Boring/demotivating when performing same named gymnastic skill or routine leading to lack of
focus/decreased performance (1)

Question 8

Which one of these skills will benefit from positive transfer if the performer is already
able to perform a serve in tennis?
A Backhand serve in table tennis
B Forehand serve in badminton
C Overarm serve in volleybal

Answer 8

C

Question 9

State two ways a coach can encourage positive transfer of learning

Answer 9

• Making training realistic (1)
• Ensuring the first skill is well learnt (1)
• Slow planned progression (1)
• Use of rewards/reinforcement to encourage positive transfer (1)
• Make performer aware of opportunities for positive transfer/highlight similarities (1)

Question 10

Performers need to learn skills in order to take part in physical activity. Skilled
movements are learned, economic and consistently successful.
State three other characteristics of skill

Answer 10

 Coordinated / controlled (1)
 Fluency / flowing / smooth (1)
 Adaptable (1)
 Aesthetically pleasing (1)
 Goal orientated behaviour / predetermined results (1)
 Precise / accurate / correct technique (1)