Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM


Top Flashcards (Certified)
All Flashcards

AP Biology > Chapter 22-25 Test > Flashcards

Chapter 22-25 Test Flashcards

(57 cards)

Start Studying
1
Q

What do all the genes in a population make up?

A

The gene pool

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

Where are the oldest fossils found?

A

Lower rock beds

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

What type of selection involves individuals in the Intermediate having greater reproductive success?

A

Stabilizing selection

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

What kind of selection involves individuals at one extreme having greater reproductive success?

A

Directional selection

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

In which time period did reptiles emerge?

A

Carboniferous

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

How are fossils formed?

A

Buried dead plants, animals, and plants are compressed into soil

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

Who proposed inheritance of acquired characteristics?

A

Lamarck

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

Natural selection favors individuals with the greatest __________.

A

Reproductive success

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

What are a group of related organisms that share a distinctive form?

A

Species

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

Deep-sea vent hypothesis for the formation of prebiotic molecules is based on…

A

The temperature gradient and metal rich waters

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

The process of evolutionary changes that result in formation of a new species is called….

A

Macro evolution

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

Changes in elevation on a mountain can lead to the _____ isolation of different species

A

Habitat

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

Allopatric speciation requires what?

A

Geographic isolation

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

What type of isolation occurs because the sperm cannot fertilize the ova?

A

Gametic isolation

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

What kind of mutations do not affect the phenotype of an organism?

A

Neutral mutations

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

Competition for mates occurs during what?

A

Sexual selection

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

Change in allele frequency due to random sampling error in a small population is called _________

A

Genetic drift

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

In which period did hominids appear?

A

Tertiary

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

In which period did land plants and arthropods appear?

A

Ordovician

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
20
Q

What is the central issue in populations genetics?

A

Genetic variation

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
21
Q

What is microevolution?

A

Changes in a populations gene pool from generation to generation

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
22
Q

In which period did the earliest vascular plants appear?

A

Silurian

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
23
Q

P represents what in the Hardy Weinberg equation?

Study These Flashcards
A

Dominant allele

24
Q

________: when organisms are fundamentally similar due to descent from a common ancestor

25
DNA is found in which organelles?
Nucleus, mitochondria, chloroplast
26
What violates the Hardy Weinberg equation?
Natural selection, mutations, migration, small populations, non-random mating
27
What kind of selection involves individuals at the extremes having greater reproductive success and the intermediate types have less reproductive success?
Disruptive selection
28
Remnants of hip bones and hind legs in a snake are called _________ because they are no longer functional.
Vestigial structures
29
The development of complex body patterns are controlled by what kind of genes?
The number of hox genes
30
What are layered rock like structures formed by cyanobacteria?
Stromatolites
31
P and Q represent what in a population?
Allele frequency
32
What kind of isolation involves two species that interbreed but cannot because they are on two different continents?
Habitat isolation
33
What's the difference between intra-and inter- sexual selection?
Intrasexual selection is competition within the same sex, intersexual selection is competition of opposite sexes
34
Who studied the beaks of finches?
Charles Darwin
35
Define endemic.
Naturally found only in a particular location
36
Time it takes for half of a radioactive isotope to break down....
Half life
37
What type of isolation involves two species not meeting because the male genitalia will not fit into the female genitalia?
Mechanical isolation
38
Darwins finches were found on what island?
The Galapagos
39
What is it called when two different species of plants have identical physical shapes and structures but have different evolutionary lineages?
Convergent evolution
40
What affects may inbreeding have?
An increased number of homozygous traits, a decreased number of heterozygous traits, and a decreased fitness
41
Industrial melanism is an example of what kind of selection?
Directional selection
42
Who wrote a manuscript on nearly the same theme as Darwin at the same time?
Alfred Wallace
43
In which period did large coal deposits and land plants and animals appear?
Carboniferous
44
If a new allele arises by mutation that increases fitness, and the environment changes are correct, then we would expect ________ selection to occur.
Directional selection
45
What is artificial selection driven by?
Human selecting which traits to breed
46
Q represents what in the Hardy Weinberg equation?
Recessive alleles
47
What type of isolation involves species breeding at different times of the year?
Temporal isolation
48
What is it called when speciation occurs in a hybrid zone of a border between two populations?
Hybridization
49
What is the name of the ship that Darwin sailed on?
The beagle
50
Who proposed "only a fraction of any population will survive and reproduce"?
Malvis
51
Biological evolution is defined as...
A heritable change in characteristics of a population across many generations
52
Genetic diverse city is maintained in what kind of selection?
Balancing selection
53
What does natural selection result in?
Adaptations
54
In which period did amniotic eggs appear?
Carboniferous
55
Two or more alleles are maintained over the course of many generations to maintain genetic diversity is what kind of selection?
Balanced selection
56
____________: structures that appear briefly and embryos but disappear as the organism matures
Temporal/developmental homology
57
What species concept says that species differ from each other based on their land use of resources?
Ecological species concept

AP Biology (4 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2025 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions