Chapter 22 Descent W Mod Flashcards Preview

Bio 121 spring 2014 > Chapter 22 Descent W Mod > Flashcards

Flashcards in Chapter 22 Descent W Mod Deck (29)
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0
Q

Carolus Linnaeus

A

2 part naming system format for naming species.

Homo sapiens

1
Q

Evolution

A

Descent with modification
A change in the genetic composition of a pop from gen to gen
A pattern and a process

2
Q

Fossils

A

The remains or traces of organisms from the past

3
Q

Strata

A

Sedimentary, super imposed rock, Grand Canyon.

Upper-younger
Deeper- older

4
Q

Paleontology

A

The study of fossils

5
Q

Georges curvier

A

Idea of extinction, catastrophism

6
Q

James Hutton

A

Earth’s geological features could be explained by gradual mechanisms

7
Q

Charles Lyell

A

Included hutton’s ideas and proposed that the same geological processes operating today are the same as the past and at the same rate.

8
Q

Lamarck’s hypothesis of evolution

A

Use and disuse- giraffe stretching it’s neck

Inheritance of aquifer characteristics

9
Q

Adaptation

A

Inherited characteristics of organisms that enhance their survival and reproduction in a specific environment

10
Q

Natural selection

A

A process in which individuals that have certain inherited traits tend to survive and reproduce at higher rates than other individuals because of their traits

11
Q

Wallace

A

Almost the same theory of natural selection as Darwin.

Codiscoverer of natural selection

12
Q

The origin of species 1845

A

Unity of life, diversity of life, and the match between organisms and their environment.

13
Q

Artificial selection

A

Humans have modified other species over many generations

14
Q

Logic of natural selection observation 1

A

Members of a population often vary in their inherited traits

15
Q

Logic of natural selection observation 2

A

All species can produce more offspring than their environment can support, and many of these offspring fail to survive and reproduce. (Mathus)

16
Q

Inference 1

A

Individuals whose inherited traits give them a higher probability of surviving and reproducing in a given environment tend to have more offspring

17
Q

Inference 2

A

This unequal ability of individuals to survive and repro will lead to the accumulation of favorable traits in the population over generations.

18
Q

Mathus

A

Food supply

19
Q

Natural selection summary

A

See notes.
Certain inheritable traits help individuals survive and reproduce because of those traits.
Nat sel can increase the match between org and environment.
If enviro changes, or if ind move to new enviro, nat sel May result in adaptation to these new conditions, sometimes giving life to new species.

20
Q

Soapberry bugs

A

Different sized beaks for diff food sources. See notes

21
Q

Evolution of drug resistant bacteria

A

Mrmsa, see notes

22
Q

Natural selection…

A

Edits, not creates.

Local enviro determines what’s best

23
Q

Homology

A

Similarly resulting from common ancestry

24
Q

Homologous structures

A

Mammalian forelimbs.

Common ancestor.

Embryos- post anal tail and pharyngeal arches

25
Q

Vestigial structures

A

Remnants of features that served a function in the organisms ancestors.

Ex- eye remnants in cave dwelling fish

26
Q

Convergent evolution

A

The individual evolution of similar features in different lineages.

Sugar gliders and flying squirrels

27
Q

Analogous

A

Shared features due to convergent evolution

28
Q

Endemic

A

Found no where else in the world