Chapter 23

Question 1

What is the name of nostrils of the nose?

Answer 1

external nares

Question 2

What is the name of the cartilage surrounded space just inside the nostrils?

Answer 2

vestibule

Question 3

What is the name of the partition that divides the nasal cavity into right and left halves?

Answer 3

nasal septum

Question 4

What is the name of the scroll-like projections of mucosa lined bone in the nasal cavity?

Answer 4

conchae

Question 5

What is the name of the epithelium that has receptors for smell?

Answer 5

olfactory

Question 6

What is the name of the posterior opening from the nasal cavity into the nasopharynx?

Answer 6

internal nares

Question 7

What structure lies above the soft palate?

Answer 7

nasopharynx

Question 8

What structure extends from the soft palate to the level of the hyoid bone?

Answer 8

oropharynx

Question 9

What structure lies posterior to the larynx?

Answer 9

laryngopharynx

Question 10

What two cartilages elevate to close off the respiratory tract during swallowing?

Answer 10

thyroid and cricoid

Question 11

Describe the shape of the tracheas cartilaginous rings

Answer 11

c shape

Question 12

what are the branches of the trachea

Answer 12

primary bronchi

Question 13

how many primary bronchi are there

Answer 13

2

Question 14

which pleural membrane lines the outer surfaces of the lungs

Answer 14

visceral pleura

Question 15

which pleural membrane lines the inner thoracic wall

Answer 15

parietal pleura

Question 16

what fissure divides the lungs into superior and inferior lobes?

Answer 16

oblique

Question 17

what fissure divides the right upper lobe into superior and middle lobes?

Answer 17

horizontal

Question 18

how many secondary bronchi are in the right lung?

Answer 18

3

Question 19

how many secondary bronchi are in the left lung

Answer 19

2

Question 20

How many tertiary bronchi are in the left lung?

Answer 20

10

Question 21

How many tertiary bronchi are in the right lung?

Answer 21

10

Question 22

What part of the respiratory system directly supplies the bronchopulmonary system?

Answer 22

bronchiole

Question 23

how many bronchopulmonary segments are in the right lung?

Answer 23

10

Question 24

how many bronchopulmonary segments are in the left lung?

Answer 24

10

Question 25

what effect does parasympathetic nerve stimulation have on the size of the bronchioles?

Answer 25

contracts smooth muscle

Question 26

what effect does sympathetic nerve stimulation have on the size of the bronchioles?

Answer 26

relaxes smooth muscle

Question 27

what is the last finest bronchiole?

Answer 27

terminal bronchiole

Question 28

what are the branches of the terminal bronchioles

Answer 28

respiratory bronchioles

Question 29

where does the direct exchange of gasses occur?

Answer 29

respiratory membrane

Question 30

which alveolar cell is responsible for engulfing debris and foreign particles in the lungs?

Answer 30

alveolar macrophage

Question 31

which alveolar cell is responsible for maintaining the reticular and elastic membranes of the alveolus?

Answer 31

fibroblasts

Question 32

which alveolar cell is responsible for producing surfactant?

Answer 32

pneumocyte type 2

Question 33

which alveolar cell is the main site of gas exchange?

Answer 33

pneumocyte type 1

Question 34

what structure directly feeds air into the alveoli?

Answer 34

alveolar duct

Question 35

what happens to the lung pressure when the volume of the lung increases?

Answer 35

pressure decreases

Question 36

what happens to the lung pressure when the volume of the lung decreases?

Answer 36

pressure increases

Question 37

what happens to the movement of air when the volume of the lung increases

Answer 37

inhalation

Question 38

what happens to the movement of air when the volume of the lung decreases

Answer 38

expiration

Question 39

does greater compliance make it easier or harder to fill and empty the lungs

Answer 39

easier

Question 40

does lesser compliance make it easier or harder to fill and empty the lungs

Answer 40

harder

Question 41

what muscle is responsible for deep breathing

Answer 41

diaphragm

Question 42

what muscles are responsible for shallow breathing

Answer 42

external intercostals

Question 43

what muscles are responsible for forced breathing

Answer 43

Accessory muscles: sternocleidomastoid, scalene, pectoralis minor

Question 44

what is the definition of respiratory rate

Answer 44

number of breaths taken each minute

Question 45

what happens when the pressure within the lungs is greater than the atmospheric pressure

Answer 45

expiration - air leaves

Question 46

what happens when the atmosperic pressure is greater than the pressure within the lungs?

Answer 46

inspiration- air rushes in

Question 47

what type of respiration is the exchange of gases between the blood and lungs?

Answer 47

external respiration

Question 48

what type of respiration is the exchange of gases between blood and tissues?

Answer 48

internal respiration

Question 49

what would happen if the partial pressure of oxygen in the capillary is greater than the partial pressure of oxygen in the tissues?

Answer 49

oxygen would go to the tissues

Question 50

Which area in the pons stimulates the inspiratory area in the medulla?

Answer 50

Apneustic

Question 51

Which area in the pons inhibits the inspiratory area in the medulla?

Answer 51

pneumotaxic