Chapter 23 Flashcards
(23 cards)
totalitarianism
a theory of government in which a single party or leader controls the economic, social, and cultural lives of its people
Joseph Stalin
Head of the communist party in Russia after Lenin died in 1924. The great purge of traitors- >10 million people killed
Benito Mussolini
founded the Fascist Party in Italy-fought violently with socialists/communists. In 1922, the King asked Mussolini to form a government because he was afraid of a revolution. Mussolini wanted to establish a New Roman Empire. He formed a secret police and youth organizations
Adolf Hitler
German dictator and leader of the Nazi Party. Primarily against communists and Jews. Hitler was originally seen as a great help to the German people and economy because he pulled it out of depression. He wanted a superior (Arian) race
antisemetic
prejudice against the Jewish people
Spanish Civil War
Between the republicans and nationalists of spain. Nationalists believed in a dictatorship, Germany and Italy sided with them. Republicans did not want a dictatorship, the Soviet Union provided some support to them. We learned about this because it was a “practice” for the Germans to prepare for WW2
appeasement
The policy that France and Britain pursued against aggressive nations during the 1930s. It granted concessions to potential enemies in order to maintain peace
Anschluss
A German union that took over Austria
Munich Pact
agreement between Britain, France, and Germany to sacrifice Sudentenland to preserve peace
blitzkrieg
literal translation to “lightning war” which described the attack from Germany on Poland (Poland had a very weak army with old traditions)
Axis Powers
consisted of Germany, Italy, and Japan
Allies
Britain, France, and eventually many other nations including the Soviet Union, the US, and China
Winston Churchill
prime minister of Britain during the war
Neutrality Act of 1939
allowed Roosevelt more room to aid the Allies, it included a cash and carry provision, which permitted the exchange of goods between the US and other nations, since Britain was in control of the waters, they were able to use this to their advantage
Tripartite Act
Germany, Italy, and Japan became allies
Lend-Lease Act
allowed Roosevelt to exchange weapons and military instruments that is in the defense of the US. Provided the Allies with a great amount of aid and was seen by Hitler as an economic declaration of war
Atlantic Charter
signed by Churchill and Roosevelt, deepening the alliance between the nations. It endorsed national self-determination and an international system of “general security”
Hideki Tojo
Japanese prime minister in 1941. wanted military expansion. After US refused his latest demand, he planned an attack on Pearl Harbor
Pearl Harbor
On December 7th, 1941, Japan attacked and ruined many of the ships and plans at this large naval base. Thousands died, but luckily the American Pacific Fleet had survived.
WAC
Women’s Army Corps, women took on jobs to aid the men in service.
Douglas MacArthur
commander of US army forces in Asia. he was in the Philippines with troops when they were attacked. He was forced to retreat to Australia while the troops were attacked, captured, and many died during the Bataan Death March
Bataan Death March
Japanese took Filipino and US troops as POWs and made them march 65 miles, many were executed, shot at, injured, or died from natural causes of the march
Battle of Coral Sea
The first sea fight in which enemy war ships never saw each other, it was entirely fought by air force. Technically neither won, but it was seen in the eyes of the Americans to be a victory because they stopped the Japanese from continuing their intention of capturing New Guinea.
