Chapter 23 - Alignment Flashcards
1
Q
Why are machines accurately aligned with each other?
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2
Q
How is the primary unit positioned?
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3
Q
What are the other machine units aligned with that share a common relationship to the primary unit?
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4
Q
How is an alignment procedure chosen?
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5
Q
What procedure is used to align coaxial shafts?
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6
Q
What are the results of coaxial shaft alignment?
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7
Q
What conditions of misalignment are present in misalignment coaxial shafts?
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8
Q
To successfully align inline shafts, in what two planes must these conditions be resolved?
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9
Q
Why is vertical alignment usually corrected first?
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10
Q
How are vertical misalignment and horizontal misalignment corrected?
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11
Q
Define angular misalignment
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12
Q
How is angular misalignment corrected horizontally, and vertically?
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13
Q
Define offset misalignment
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14
Q
How is offset misalignment corrected horizontally, and vertically?
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15
Q
Describe combination misalignment
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16
Q
Define softfoot
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17
Q
How does a softfoot affect the machine?
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18
Q
What causes a softfoot condition?
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19
Q
What are the two types of softfoot?
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20
Q
What is a good foot-to-base fit?
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21
Q
How does thermal expansion and contraction affect alignment?
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22
Q
What methods are used for alignment to accommodate thermal expansion and contraction?
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23
Q
What is the objective of coupling alignment?
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24
Q
How are acceptable misalignment tolerances established?
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25
What factors influence which coupling alignment procedure is used?
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26
List the recognized alignment methods?
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27
List the tools that may be used in alignment
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28
Compare made on the job shims to pre-cut shims
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29
Describe the correct method for shimming a foot
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30
Why are jackscrew devices recommended for alignment and what are the advantages?
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31
When using a hydraulic jack or pry bars to shim a machine, what precautions should be taken to prevent injury?
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32
What is known as total indicator reading (TIR)?
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33
How is total indicator reading TIR taken for the vertical and horizontal plane?
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34
How are the four readings compared to ensure accuracy of procedure and equipment?
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35
What two readings are required on most alignment methods?
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36
What precautions should be taken when handling and using a dial indicator?
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37
List the checks you would preform before aligning the coupling
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38
Describe how to detect a softfoot using both feeler gauges and dial indicator methods
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39
Describe the methods used to correct a softfoot condition
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40
Define dial indicator bracket sag
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41
Describe how sag is determined for a particular dial indicator set-up
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42
How do you correct for sag on a coupling alignment?
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43
Define coupling runout
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44
When should coupling runout be checked?
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45
How is coupling runout detected?
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46
What should be done if detected runout is greater than quality-control specifications allow in the shaft or coupling?
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47
List the alignment procedures that are common to all alignment situations
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48
With regard to rough alignment:
| - what measuring tools are used?
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49
With regard to rough alignment:
| - how is vertical angular misalignment determined?
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50
With regard to rough alignment:
- calculate the shin changes that would be required to correct the following vertical angular misalignment
Feeler gauge calculation 0.010” at top of coupling
D= 3”
B= 6”
A= 12”
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51
With regard to rough alignment:
| - describe how vertical offset misalignment is corrected
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52
With regard to rough alignment:
| - how are horizontal angular and offset misalignment corrected?
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53
With regard to rim and face alignment methods
| - what are the advantages and limitations of rim and face alignment procedures?
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54
With regard to rim and face alignment methods
| - describe the set-up for taking rim and face readings with a dial indicator
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55
With regard to rim and face alignment methods
- describe the procedure for taking rim and face measurements with a dial indicator for both vertical and horizontal alignment
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56
With regard to rim and face alignment methods
| - describe rechecking and recording alignment
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57
With regard to rim and face alignment methods
| - what measurements are needed to calculate shim changes?
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58
With regard to rim and face alignment methods
- calculate the shim changes required for the following drive unit:
```
Indicators zero @ 12 o’clock (fig27)
Angular TIR = 0.006”
Offset TIR = 0.010”
D = 4”
L1 = 8”
L2 = 16”
```
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59
With regard to rim and face alignment methods
| - what are the consequences of the dial indicators are not set up as stated for this formula?
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60
With regard to rim and face alignment methods
- calculate the shim changes required for the following drive unit:
```
Indicators zero @ 12 o’clock (fig27)
Angular TIR = -0.015”
Offset TIR = +0.012”
D = 5”
L1 = 15”
L2 = 45”
```
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61
With regard to cross dialling
| - describe three variations of cross dialling alignment methods
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62
With regard to cross dialling
| - what are the advantages and limitations of cross dialling?
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63
With regard to cross dialling
| - what should be done to be sure the set-up is prepared prior to cross dialling?
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64
With regard to cross dialling
| - describe the procedure for cross dialling, reverse reading, vertical alignment
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65
With regard to cross dialling
| - describe the procedure for cross dialling, reverse reading, horizontal alignment
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66
With regard to cross dialling
| - how do you determine whether to insert or remove shims from your calculations?
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67
With regard to cross dialling
- calculate the shim changes needed for the following drive unit:
```
Indicators zero @ 12 o’clock
Refer to fig30 reverse reading method
D1 = +0.025”
D2 = +0.010”
A = 6.250”
B = 12.5”
C= = 37.750”
```
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68
With regard to cross dialling
| - what should be done to prepare the set-up for a cross dialling, graph alignment procedure?
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69
With regard to cross dialling
| - describe the dial indicator set-up for cross dialling, graph alignment procedure
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70
With regard to cross dialling
| - how are dial indicator readings taken for plotting on a graph?
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71
With regard to cross dialling
| - describe the vertical procedure that requires drawing and using a graph
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72
With regard to cross dialling
| - describe the procedure for horizontal alignment using the cross dialling, graph alignment process
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73
With regard to cross dialling
| - describe rechecking and recording the results
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74
Describe the types of lasers used for laser alignment
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75
What safety precautions should always be followed when using a laser?
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76
What procedures should be followed for laser alignment?
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77
What are the advantages and limitations of laser alignment?
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78
How is machine alignment maintained during operation?
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