chapter 25

Question 1

A system of mountain ranges on the sea floor separated by valleys.

Answer 1

mid-ocean ridge

Question 2

Long narrow depression that forms between peaks along the mid-ocean range.

Answer 2

rift valley

Question 3

The boundary where two plates collide.

Answer 3

convergent plate boundary

Question 4

When a thick and buoyant continental plate meets a thin and dense oceanic plate, the denser plate dives beneath the continent.

Answer 4

subduction

Question 5

The boundary between two plates that are moving apart.

Answer 5

divergent plate boundary

Question 6

A boundary where plates slide horizontally past each other in opposite directions.

Answer 6

transform plate boundary

Question 7

A sudden movement or vibrations of the ground that occurs when rocks slip and slide along enormous cracks in Earths crust faults.

Answer 7

earthquake

Question 8

A crack in Earths crust along which rock has moved.

Answer 8

fault

Question 9

A sudden release of strain as rock moves along a fault.

Answer 9

elastic rebound

Question 10

The point of origin for an earthquake.

Answer 10

focus

Question 11

The point on earths surface directly above the focus.

Answer 11

epicenter

Question 12

who came up with the continental drift hypothesis.

Answer 12

Alfred Wegener

Question 13

what were some pieces of evidence that supported Wegeners hypothesis.

Answer 13

1. large land animal fossils
2. coast lines fit together like puzzles
3. mountain ranges matched up with the same rock types

Question 14

what was the name of the super continent.

Answer 14

Pangaea

Question 15

who came up with the seafloor spreading hypothesis.

Answer 15

Harry Hess

Question 16

How did Harry Hess discover seafloor spreading.

Answer 16

He used sonar which emitted waves that bounced off the seafloor

Question 17

what did Hess discover using the sonar.

Answer 17

mid-ocean range

Question 18

what are the types of plate boundaries.

Answer 18

1. convergent plate boundary
2. divergent plate boundary
3. transform plate boundary

Question 19

how do convergent plate boundaries move.

Answer 19

They move into each other, come together

Question 20

subduction zones only happen with which type of plate boundary.

Answer 20

convergent plate boundary

Question 21

what two types of crusts can happen or be used with any plate boundaries.

Answer 21

oceanic crust and continental crust

Question 22

what two types of land forms can be formed when oceanic and continental crusts converge.

Answer 22

volcanoes and deep sea trenches

Question 23

What types of land forms can be created when two oceanic crusts converge.

Answer 23

Deep sea trenches and hot spots which create volcanic islands

Question 24

what types of land forms are when two continental crust converge.

Answer 24

mountains

Question 25

what type of crust must be present for a volcanic activity to occur.

Answer 25

oceanic crust

Question 26

How do divergent plate boundaries move.

Answer 26

They move away from each other or away

Question 27

What are examples of divergent plate boundaries.

Answer 27

MOR(mid ocean ridge), Oceanic crusts, East African Rift( two continental crusts)

Question 28

How do transform plate boundaries move.

Answer 28

they move past each other.

Question 29

what is a specific example of a transform plate boundary.

Answer 29

San Andreas fall (continental crust)

Question 30

what is a convection current.

Answer 30

1. Magma heats up, becomes less dense and rises | 2. Magma cools and becomes more dense and sinks

Question 31

What are three forces that contribute to plate motion.

Answer 31

Slab pull, Ridge push, and Friction

Question 32

what is an earthquake.

Answer 32

The sudden movement or vibration of the ground that occurs when rocks slip and slide along faults

Question 33

which plate boundaries have shallow earthquakes.

Answer 33

divergent and transform.

Question 34

which plate boundary has deep earthquakes.

Answer 34

convergent boundaries.

Question 35

what are the types of stress that can act upon rock to make it active/move.

Answer 35

compression, tension, shear, and torsion

Question 36

what are the two types of deformation.

Answer 36

elastic and plastic

Question 37

what happens to a rock when elastic deformation happens.

Answer 37

The material goes back to its original shape

Question 38

what happens to a rock when plastic deformation happens.

Answer 38

It takes on a new shape

Question 39

how many types of seismic waves are there.

Answer 39

primary waves, secondary waves, surface waves

Question 40

what type of seismic waves is the fastest.

Answer 40

Primary waves

Question 41

what type of wave is a primary wave.

Answer 41

it is a compression wave

Question 42

what type of materials can p-waves pass through.

Answer 42

solids and liquids

Question 43

what type of wave is an s-wave.

Answer 43

a transverse wave

Question 44

what types of materials can an s-wave pass through.

Answer 44

only solids

Question 45

which wave does the most damage and is more complex.

Answer 45

surface waves

Question 46

what are the two skills that help measure earthquakes.

Answer 46

Richter scale and Mercalli scale

Question 47

what does the Richter scale measure about and earthquake.

Answer 47

the amount of energy

Question 48

what does the Mercalli scale measure about an earthquake.

Answer 48

the amount of visible damage