chapter 28.3

Question 1

What is climate?

Answer 1

It is a long-term average of weather conditions.

Question 2

What is weather?

Answer 2

It is the day to day outside conditions.

Question 3

What are the five spheres that make up earths system?

Answer 3

Atmosphere, Cryosphere, Lithosphere, Hydrosphere, and Biosphere.

Question 4

What is the atmosphere?

Answer 4

The air around us.

Question 5

What is the Biosphere?

Answer 5

Everything organic.

Question 6

What is the Hydrosphere?

Answer 6

Liquid water, large bodies of water.

Question 7

What is the Cryosphere?

Answer 7

Frozen water in snow, ice, and glaciers.

Question 8

What is the Lithosphere?

Answer 8

Earths outermost layer.

Question 9

What is the primary factor that influences climate at any given location?

Answer 9

Latitiude.

Question 10

At which location does Earth receive the most intense solar radiation?

Answer 10

The Equator.

Question 11

At what degrees do the sun rays hit Earths surface in the tropic zone?

Answer 11

90 degrees.

Question 12

At what degrees do the sun rays hit Earths surface in the temperate zones?

Answer 12

45 degrees.

Question 13

At what degrees do the sun rays hit Earths surface in the Polar zones?

Answer 13

30 degrees.

Question 14

Which one of these zones does Lamar Colorado fall in ?

Answer 14

Temperate zones.

Question 15

What are other factors that determine climate.

Answer 15

precipitation, mountains, and body of water (ocean)

Question 16

What is it like on a windward side of a mountain?

Answer 16

The air is cool and wet with a lot of vegetation.

Question 17

What is it like on a leeward side of a mountain?

Answer 17

The air is warm and dry with little to no vegetation.

Question 18

What is land breeze?

Answer 18

This is where air blows from land to the water and it happens at night.

Question 19

In Lamar Colorado what climate zone are we in and what type of vegetation do we have?

Answer 19

Warm semi-arid, and vegetation is grassland.

Question 20

An increase in the average temperatures of Earths near-surface air and oceans.

Answer 20

Global warming

Question 21

The warming of the pacific ocean off the coast of Western South America that occurs every 3 to 10 years.

Answer 21

El nino.

Question 22

Opposite of El nino, and occurs when trade winds in the Pacific are unusually strong and surface water is colder than normal.

Answer 22

La Nina.

Question 23

What two climates does the earth over go?

Answer 23

Seasonal and long-term.

Question 24

How do seasonal changes happen?

Answer 24

They happen due to the Earth revolving around the sun.

Question 25

In general which hemisphere is in summer?

Answer 25

whichever one is tilted towards the sun.

Question 26

What is the period called in which Earths surface was covered in a sheet of ice?

Answer 26

Ice Age.

Question 27

How long ago did the Earth reach its current patterns?

Answer 27

Around 3,000 years ago.

Question 28

What are some factors that can change climate?

Answer 28

The tilt of earths axis, the shape of the orbit, and the distance from the sun.

Question 29

How do humans effect climate?

Answer 29

The consumption of energy, deforestation, and industrial/ agricultural practice.

Question 30

What is deforestation?

Answer 30

Clearing a large area of trees.

Question 31

What are two ways that the carbon cycle can be affected?

Answer 31

Deforestation and loss of vegetation.

Question 32

A round, three-dimensional object, the surface of which is the same distance from the center in all directions.

Answer 32

Sphere

Question 33

An elongated, closed curve with two foci.

Answer 33

Ellipse

Question 34

Is Earth a perfect sphere?

Answer 34

No the equator is longer than pole to pole.

Question 35

What are some of the ancient observations to prove earth is a sphere?

Answer 35

Gravity, lunar eclipse, and Star formations.

Question 36

What are two factors that affect gravitational pull?

Answer 36

Masses and distance.

Question 37

Which diameter of earth, pole to pole or the equator is greater?

Answer 37

Equator.

Question 38

What does the magnetic field protect earth from?

Answer 38

Harmful solar radiation.

Question 39

Which magnetic pole is located in the northern hemisphere?

Answer 39

The south magnetic pole.

Question 40

At what degrees is earths axis tilted at?

Answer 40

11.7 degrees.

Question 41

Do the magnetic poles reverse?

Answer 41

Yes.

Question 42

What is the large scale movements in which the magnetic pole reverse?

Answer 42

Magnetic reversals.

Question 43

On average how often do magnetic reversals occur?

Answer 43

about 200,000 years.

Question 44

How long ago did the last magnetic reversal happen?

Answer 44

780,000 years ago.

Question 45

What part of earths magnetic field deflects harmful radiation from the sun.

Answer 45

Magnetosphere.

Question 46

What are the two scientific names of the northern and southern lights?

Answer 46

Northern: Aurora Borealis Southern: Aurora Australis

Question 47

How are the auroras created?

Answer 47

Electrically-charged particles (from the sun) collide with atoms in the atmosphere.

Question 48

What month are we closest to the sun?

Answer 48

January.

Question 49

When are we closest tot he sun?

Answer 49

147 million km away.

Question 50

When are we furthest from the sun?

Answer 50

152 million km away.

Question 51

An area 15 degrees wide in which time is the same.

Answer 51

time zone

Question 52

The spinning of Earth on its axis, an imaginary line drawn from Earths north pole to South pole.

Answer 52

rotation

Question 53

the motion of Earth in an elliptical orbit around the sun.

Answer 53

revolution

Question 54

The plane of Earths orbit around the sun.

Answer 54

ecliptic

Question 55

Occurs when Earths rotational axis is tilted directly toward the sun or away from the sun.

Answer 55

solstice

Question 56

Earths rotational axis is perpendicular to a line drawn from the center of Earth from the center of the Sun.

Answer 56

equinox