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physical science > Chapter 25 > Flashcards

Chapter 25 Flashcards

1
Q

The MOR system in the Atlantic ocean,called the Mid-Atlantic Ridge

A

mid-ocean ridge

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2
Q

A long narrow depression forms in between peaks along the mid-ocean ridge.

A

rift valley

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3
Q

the boundary where two plates collide

A

convergent plate boundary

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3
Q

the point of origin for an earthquake

A

focus

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4
Q

when a thick and buoyant continental plate meets a thin and dense oceanic plate the denser plate dives beneath the continent

A

subduction

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5
Q

divergent plate boundary

A

the boundary between two plates that are moving apart

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6
Q

this type of boundary where plates slide horizontally past each other in opposite directions

A

transform plate boundary

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7
Q

the sudden movement or vibration of the ground that occurs when rocks slip and slide along enormous cracks in Earth’s crust called faults.

A

earthquake

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8
Q

a crack in Earth’s crust strain energy builds up in the rock has moves

A

fault

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9
Q

the sudden release of strain energy as rock moves along a fault

A

elastic rebound

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10
Q

the point on Earth’s surface directly above the focus

A

epicenter

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11
Q

who came up with the continental drift hypothesis?

A

Alfred Wegener

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12
Q

what where some pieces that supported his hypothesis ?

A

1,coastline matched like puzzle piece

  1. he looked at large land animal fossils
  2. mountain ranges matched up had similar rock type and age
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13
Q

what was the name of the super cont

A

Pangaea

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14
Q

who came up with the Seafloor spreading Hypothesis?

A

Harry Hess

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15
Q

What did he use to come up with the Seafloor spreading hypothesis?

A

sonar

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16
Q

Who discovered the Mid-Ocean ridge?

A

Harry Hess

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17
Q

where can we find the youngest rock on the seafloor?

A

close to the MOR

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18
Q

what are the three of the plate boundaries?

A

convergent
divergent
transform

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19
Q

what are the two type of crust that deal with in class

A

oceanic crust

continental crust

20
Q

How do convergent plates boundaries move?

A

collide together

21
Q

what land forms are created when ocean crust and continental crust converged?

A

volcanoes

deep sea trench

22
Q

subuduction happen with which type of boundary?

A

convergent

23
Q

what type of land forms when two oceanic crust come together?

A

deep sea trench

hot sports which create lands

24
Q

what type of land forms are created when two continental come together?

A

Mountains

25
Q

what kind of crust must be present for Volcanic activity to occur?

A

oceanic crust

26
Q

How do divergent plates move?

A

they divide/ move away from each other

27
Q

what are specific example of a divergent plate boundaries?

A

MOR ( both are oceanic crust )

East African Rift ( both continental)

28
Q

how do transform plates move?

A

slide pasted each other

29
Q

what a specific example of a transform plate boundaries?

A

San Andreas fault ( both continental)

30
Q

what is a convection current?

A
  1. Magma heats up , becomes less dense and rise

2. Magma cools down, becomes more dense and sinks

31
Q

what are other forces that help plates in motion?

A

slab pull
ridge push
and friction

32
Q

which type of plate boundaries have shallow earthquakes?

A

divergent

transform

33
Q

which plate boundaries have deep earthquakes?

A

convergent

34
Q

what type of stress can be applied to rocks to cause movement?

A

compression stress
tension stress
shear stress
torsion stress

35
Q

what are the types of deformation that can be cause do to stress?

A

Elastic

plastic

36
Q

what happens to a material when elastic deformation happens?

A

deforms then snaps back in place

37
Q

what happens to a material when plastic deformation happens?

A

deforms then changes into a new shape

38
Q

how many types of seismic waves are there?

A

1 primary waves
2 secondary waves
3 surface waves

39
Q

which waves are the fastest wave ?

A

primary waves

40
Q

what type of wave is the p-waves?

A

a compression wave

41
Q

what type of materials can a p wave travel through?

A

solid

liquid

42
Q

what type of wave is a secondary wave ?

A

transverse

43
Q

what type of of materials can a s -wave travel through?

A

solid

44
Q

which wave is the most complex and damaging?

A

surface waves

45
Q

what are the names of the measurement we use to measure earthquakes?

A

Richter scale

Mercalli scale

46
Q

what does the Richter scale measure about an earthquake?

A

the amount of energy released

47
Q

what dose the Mercalli measure in an earthquake?

A

the amount of damage that was caused

physical science (16 decks)

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