Chapter 25- People Flashcards
(34 cards)
Who increased his mutton output by allowing only his best sheep to breed?
Robert Bakewell
Who was a machinist who made a shuttle that sped back and forth on wheels?
John Kay
Who created a spinning wheel and named it “Spinning Jenny” after his daughter?
James Hargreaves
Who invented the water frame in 1769 which used water power from rapid streams to drive spinning wheels?
Richard Arkwright
Who combined features of the spinning jenny and the water frame to produce the spinning mule?
Samuel Crompton
Who invented the power loom, which sped up weaving?
Edmund Cartwright
Who invented the cotton gin which increased American cotton production from 1.5 million lbs. in 1790 to 85 million lbs. in 1810
Eli Whitney
Who was a mathematical instrument maker at the University of Glassgow created a steam engine that worked faster and more efficiently while burning less fuel?
James Watt
Who was an entrepreneur that joined James Watt in the making of a more efficient steam engine?
Matthew Boulton
Who was an American inventor who built a steamboat called the Clermont using a steam engine from Watt and Boulton?
Robert Fulton
Who was a Scottish engineer who equipped road beds with layer of large stones for drainage and on top placed a carefully smoothed layer of crushed rock, which improved all roads?
John McAdam
Who was an English engineer who won a bet of thousands of dollars by hauling ten tons of iron over nearly ten miles of track in a steam-driven locomotive?
Richard Trevithick
Who was a railroad engineer who built some 20 engines for mine operators in northern England and created the world’s first railroad line?
George Stephenson
Who was a French writer who wrote “From this filthy sewer pure gold flows”, after he visited Manchester in 1835?
Alexis de Tocqueville
A British mill worker who emigrated to the United States and built a spinning machine from memory and a partial design?
Samuel Slater
Who opened the first factory in the United States to house Slater’s machines in Pawtucket, Rhode Island?
Moses Brown
Who helped revolutionize the American textile industry and earned enough money to fund a larger operation in another Massachusetts town than their previous one?
Francis Cabot Lowell
Who was a scientific farmer who created the seed drill which allowed farmers to sow seeds in well-spaced rows at specific depths?
Jethro Tull
Who was the founder of Standard Oil?
J.D. Rockefeller
Who was the founder of the Carnegie Steel Company?
Andrew Carnegie
Who was a professor at the U of Glassgow in Scotland and defended the idea of free economy? He also published a book called “The Wealth of The Nations.”
Adam Smith
Who wrote “An Essay on The Principle of Population,” where he argued that population tended to increase more rapidly than the food supply? Without wars and epidemics to kill off extra people, most were destined to be poor and miserable.
Thomas Malthus
Who believed that a permanent underclass would always be poor? He also published the book “Principles of Political Economy and Taxation.”
Dave Ricardo
Who introduced the philosophy of utilitarianism and believed that people should judge ideas, institutions, and actions on the basis of their utility, or usefulness?
Jeremy Bentham
