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Chapter 25 Test Flashcards

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1
Q

What empire took the place of the Mali empire?

A

The Songhay Empire

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2
Q

What was the capital city of the Songhay Empire?

A

Glao

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3
Q

Who was the ruler of the Songhay Empire from 1464 to 1939?

A

Sunni Ali

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4
Q

What significant cities were part of the Songhay Empire?

A

Timbuktu and Jenne

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5
Q

What administrative structure did the Songhay Empire use?

A

Governors to oversee provinces

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6
Q

What was the role of the army in the Songhay Empire?

A

An effective military force

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7
Q

What body of water did the Songhay Empire’s imperial navy operate on?

A

Wiger River

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8
Q

What was the population of the capital city, Glao?

A

75 thousand residents

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9
Q

What types of goods were participated in the trans-Saharan trade?

A
  • Salts
  • Textiles
  • Metal goods
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10
Q

What religion did the emperors of the Songhay Empire practice?

A

Islam

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11
Q

What types of institutions did the Songhay emperors support?

A
  • Mosques
  • Schools to teach the Quran
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12
Q

What year did the Songhay Empire fall?

A

1591

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13
Q

Which army defeated the Songhay Empire in 1591?

A

Moroccan army

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14
Q

What technological advantage did the Moroccan army have over the Songhay army?

A

Muskets

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15
Q

What happened to the Songhay Empire after its fall?

A

Became small regional kingdoms

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16
Q

Which kingdom emerged in the area of Lake Chad after the fall of the Songhay Empire?

A

Kanem-Bornu Kingdom

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17
Q

What were the city-states of the Hausa people located?

A

In the west

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18
Q

Which regions were associated with the Oyo and Asante peoples?

A

Forests (south)

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19
Q

Which coastal cities were mentioned?

A
  • Divia
  • Mande
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20
Q

What was the impact of Vasco da Gama’s voyages on the Swahili city-states?

A

Disrupted trade patterns

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21
Q

What tribute did Vasco da Gama force the ruler of Kilwa to pay?

A

Tribute in cannons

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22
Q

What years did Vasco da Gama’s voyages take place?

A

1497 - 1498

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23
Q

True or False: The Swahili city-states fully recovered after the disruptions caused by Portuguese sailors.

A

False

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24
Q

In which century did the Kingdom of Kongo reach prominence?

A

14th century

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25
What year did the Portuguese fleet arrive in the Congo River?
1488
26
What types of support did the Portuguese provide to the kings of Kongo?
* Advisors * Military strength * Tailors * Shoemakers * Masons * Miners * Priests
27
What was the motivation behind the kings of Kongo converting to Christianity?
To establish better relationships with the Portuguese
28
Who was King Nzinga Mbemba?
Also known as King Afonso, he ruled from 1506 to 1542 and was a devout Roman Catholic.
29
What was the capital of the Kingdom of Kongo?
Mbanza or São Salvador
30
What goods did Portugal bring to Kongo?
* Textiles * Weapons * Advisors * Artisans
31
What resources did Kongo provide to Portugal?
* Copper * Ivory * Slaves
32
When did the relationship between Kongo and Portugal begin to deteriorate?
Around the 17th century
33
What significant event occurred in 1665 between the Portuguese and Kongo?
Colonists fought with Kongo
34
Who was Queen Nzinga and what was her role?
Queen Nzinga led a 40-year resistance against Portuguese forces from 1623 to 1663.
35
What unique practice did Queen Nzinga adopt in her leadership?
She dressed as a male and was referred to as king.
36
How did Queen Nzinga mobilize resistance against the Portuguese?
She mobilized African people against Portuguese forces.
37
What was the significance of the Portuguese colony of Angola?
It was the first colony in Sub-Saharan Africa.
38
What political conditions did the Portuguese exploit in Central Africa?
Political divisions that plagued Central Africa.
39
What significant kingdom existed in South Africa around 1300?
Great Zimbabwe ## Footnote Located near modern Zimbabwe, it dominated a gold-bearing plain until the late 15th century.
40
Which European powers played a role in South African affairs after the 15th century?
Portuguese and Dutch mariners ## Footnote They formed alliances with local peoples to advance their own interests.
41
When did the Dutch establish a trading post in South Africa?
1652 ## Footnote The trading post was established in Cape Town.
42
What was the relationship between the Dutch and the Khoikhoi people?
The Khoikhoi became Dutch laborers ## Footnote The Khoikhoi were originally hunter-gatherers.
43
What was the trend in Dutch travel to South Africa by 1700?
Increase in Dutch travel ## Footnote This indicates growing interest and activity in the region.
44
Where was Islam most popular in sub-Saharan Africa?
Commercial centers of West Africa ## Footnote Notably in Timbuktu, which had an Islamic university and 180 schools teaching the Quran.
45
What did many people in West Africa do regarding their religious beliefs?
Blended Islam with indigenous religion ## Footnote This allowed for social associations between men and women.
46
Who were the Fulani originally and what was their role in Islam?
A pastoral people who kept herds of cattle ## Footnote They observed strict Islam and led military campaigns to establish Islamic states.
47
In which regions did the Fulani establish Islamic states?
Guinea, Senegal, Mali, and North Nigeria ## Footnote They also created schools to promote Islamic education.
48
What type of Christianity was supported in Kongo and Angola?
Roman Catholic Christianity ## Footnote Portuguese missionaries played a significant role in this support.
49
How did Christian beliefs interact with local religions in sub-Saharan Africa?
Blended with West African religion ## Footnote This blending facilitated the acceptance and adaptation of Christianity in the region.
50
What was the Antonian movement?
A religious movement in Kongo during the 18th Century led by Dona Beatriz claiming to share St. Anthony's message ## Footnote The movement promoted African Christianity and sought social change.
51
Who was Dona Beatriz?
Leader of the Antonian movement, claimed to be possessed by St. Anthony ## Footnote She gained a reputation for working miracles and curing diseases.
52
When was the Antonian movement founded?
1704
53
What significant claim did Beatriz make about Jesus?
Jesus was Black and Africa was the true Holy Land ## Footnote She also stated that heaven was for Africans.
54
What event occurred in 1708 related to the Antonian movement?
The Army of Antonians challenged the king of Kongo.
55
What was the reason for the challenge against the king of Kongo?
They considered him an unworthy ruler.
56
What social structure remained influential in early modern Africa?
Kinship groups ## Footnote These served as the basis for societal and political organization.
57
What were some American food crops introduced to sub-Saharan Africa in the mid-16th century?
Manioc, maize, and peanuts ## Footnote These crops thrived in tropical soils.
58
What impact did manioc flour have on population growth?
It led to steady population growth.
59
What was the population of sub-Saharan Africa in 1500?
34 million
60
What was the population of sub-Saharan Africa in 1600?
44 million
61
What was the population of sub-Saharan Africa in 1700?
52 million
62
What was the population of sub-Saharan Africa in 1800?
60 million

History (4 decks)

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