Chapter 26 Soft Tissue Trauma Flashcards

1
Q

Key Terms

a scratch or scrape

A

Abrasion

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2
Q

Key Terms

the surgical removal or traumatic severing of a body part, usually an extremity

A

Amputation

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3
Q

Key Terms

the tearing away or tearing off of a piece or flap of skin or other soft tissue. This term also may be used for an eye pulled from its socket or a tooth dislodged from its socket

A

Avulsion

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4
Q

Key Terms

any material used to hold a dressing in place

A

Bandage

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5
Q

Key Terms

an internal injury with no open pathway from the outside

A

Closed Wound

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6
Q

Key Terms

a bruise

A

Contusion

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7
Q

Key Terms

an injury caused when force is transmitted from the body’s exterior to its internal structures. Bones can be broken; muscles, nerves, and tissues damaged; and internal organs ruptured, causing internal bleeding

A

Crush Injury

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8
Q

Key Terms

the inner (second) layer of the skin found beneath the epidermis. It is rich in blood vessels and nerves

A

Dermis

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9
Q

Key Terms

any material (preferably sterile) used to cover a wound that will help control bleeding and prevent additional contamination

A

Dressing

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10
Q

Key Terms

the outer layer of the skin

A

Epidermis

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11
Q

Key Terms

a burn in which all the layers of the skin are damaged. There are usually areas that are charred black or areas that are dry and white. Also called a “third-degree burn”

A

Full Thickness Burn

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12
Q

Key Terms

a swelling caused by the collection of blood under the skin or in damaged tissues as a result of an injured or broken blood vessel

A

Hematoma

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13
Q

Key Terms

a cut

A

Laceration

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14
Q

Key Terms

any dressing that forms an airtight seal

A

Occlusive Dressing

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15
Q

Key Terms

an injury in which the skin is interrupted, exposing the tissue beneath

A

Open Wound

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16
Q

Key Terms

a burn in which the epidermis (first layer of skin) is burned through and the dermis (second layer) is damaged. Burns of this type cause reddening, blistering, and a mottled appearance. Also called a “second-degree burn.”

A

Partial Thickness Burn

17
Q

Key Terms

a dressing applied tightly to control bleeding

A

Pressure Dressing

18
Q

Key Terms

an open wound that tears through the skin and destroys underlying tissues. A penetrating ________ _____ has both an entrance and an exit wound

A

Puncture Wound

19
Q

Key Terms

a method for estimating the extent of a burn. For an adult, each of the following areas represents 9 percent of the body surface: the head and neck, each upper extremity, the chest, the abdomen, the upper back, the lower back and the buttocks, the front of each lower extremity. The remaining 1 percent is assigned to the genital region. For an infant or child, the percentages are modified so 18 percent is assigned to the head, 14 percent to each lower extremity

A

Rule of Nines

20
Q

Key Terms

a method for estimating the extent of a burn. The palm and fingers of the patient’s own hand, which equals about 1 percent of the body’s surface area, is compared with the patient’s burn to estimate its size

A

Rule of Palm

21
Q

Key Terms

the layers of fat and soft tissues found below the dermis

A

Subcutaneous Layers

22
Q

Key Terms

a burn that involves only the epidermis, the outer layer of the skin. It is characterized by reddening of the skin and perhaps some swelling. A common example is a sunburn. Also called a “first-degree burn”

A

Superficial Burn

23
Q

Key Terms

a bulky dressing

A

Universal Dressing

24
Q

Short Answer

List three types of closed soft-tissue injuries.

A

The three types of closed soft-tissue injuries are contusions, hematomas, and crush injuries.

25
Q

Short Answer

List four types of open soft-tissue injuries.

A

Types of open soft-tissue injuries are abrasions, lacerations, punctures, avulsions, amputations, and crush injuries.

26
Q

Short Answer

Explain when you would remove an object impaled in the cheek and when you would, instead, stabilize an object impaled in the cheek.

A

An object impaled in the cheek should only be removed if it has already gone through the inside surface of the cheek and can be easily pulled out in the same direction that it entered. If this cannot be done, the object should be stabilized in place.

27
Q

Short Answer

Describe the three classifications (depths) of burns.

A

The three classifications of burns are:

  • Superficial burn—a burn that involves only the epidermis.
  • Partial thickness burn—a burn in which the epidermis is burned through and the dermis is damaged.
  • Full thickness burn—a burn in which all the layers of the skin are damaged.
28
Q

Short Answer

Differentiate between a dressing and a bandage.

A

The difference between a dressing and a bandage is that a dressing is placed directly on a wound and a bandage holds a dressing in place.

29
Q

Short Answer

List the qualities and purpose of an effective bandage. How can you tell if a bandage is improperly applied?

A

The qualities of an effective bandage are that it should hold a dressing snugly in place and cover all four of its edges but not restrict blood supply. If a bandage is too loose, it will slip around. Pain, pale or cyanotic skin, cold skin, numbness, and tingling are all indications that a bandage may be too tight.