Chapter 26 Soft Tissue Trauma

Question 1

Soft tissue

Answer 1

Include the skin fatty tissues muscles blood vessels connective tissues membranes glands and nerves

The skin is body’s largest organ at surface area is more than 25 ft.² of an average adult

Question 2

Skin

Answer 2

The skin is body’s largest organ at surface area is more than 25 ft.² of an average adult

Major function is protection water balance temperature regulation excretion shock absorption

Question 3

Soft tissue injuryies

Answer 3

Most commonly mechanical force for trauma rips crushes stretches otherwise injuries to delicate cells

Can also be injured by chemically thermally and even electrically

characterized by type in cause of injury

Question 4

Contusions

Answer 4

Is a bruise most frequently encountered type of closed wound injury

Epidermis remains intact cells and blood vessels in the dermis are damaged

pain swelling discoloration occur at one site can be delayed for 48 hours

Question 5

Inflammation

Answer 5

It’s helpful it cushions the injured area and helps tighten toxins also can be harmful as it causes tissues to occupy more space than usual

Question 6

Hematoma

Answer 6

Blood collection site of an injury

Hematoma is it involve a larger amount of tissue damage including damage to large blood vessel’s with greater internal blood loss

1 L of blood can accumulate in a hematoma

Question 7

crush Injury

Answer 7

Force can cause the internal organs to be crushed or Upchurch causing internal bleeding liver spleen normally contain consider amounts of blood if injured can cause shock

Question 8

Blast Injuries

Answer 8

Specific type of soft injury include both open and closed wounds

Blunt force trauma may cause result in closed injuries potential for massive internal damage from blast, is much higher than come in direct force trauma

Most common closed injury is rupture of hollow organs. Such as lungs eardrums

Stomach intestines and your bladder high risk of these types of injuries

Question 9

Open wound injuries

Answer 9

Abrasions lacerations punctures of oceans amputations crush injuries blast injuries high-pressure injection injuries

Question 10

Abrasions

Answer 10

Simple scrapes and scratches outer layer of the skin is damage but not all ears are penetrated

Question 11

Lacerations

Answer 11

Is a cut can be smooth or jagged

This one is often caused by an object with a sharp edge

If significant blood vessels have been touring bleeding will be considerable

Question 12

Puncture wounds

Answer 12

Result from the penetration of the skin usually caused by object such as Bullets nails ice picks splinters and knives

high velocity shrapnel Objects thrown by blast bomb materials and debris

Most significant damage will occur in the structure is beneath the skin

Question 13

Avulsions

Answer 13

Flaps of skin and tissue are torn loose or pulled off completely

Degloving avulsions the skin is stripped off like a glove

I pulled from its socket also for mobile version

Avulsed used to report the wound ex: avulsed eye

Question 14

Tertiary injuries (third level)

Answer 14

Occur if the patient is thrown by a blast occurs from both from the force of the blast and a result of the violent landing after being thrown

Can include fractures of audience amputations exposure to chemicals or toxins burns in crash injuries(fourth level)

Question 15

Treating impaled objects

Answer 15

Contact emergency department physician or a specific direction to cut object to desired length

Hold objects keep it very stable use a fine tooth saw with rigid blade support,a hacksaw or reciprocating saw should be used

Question 16

Thermal burn

Answer 16

Flame radiation excessive heat from fire steam hot liquids and hot objects

Question 17

Chemical burn

Answer 17

Various acids bases and caustics

Question 18

Electrical burn

Answer 18

Alternating current direct current and lightning

Question 19

Lightburn typically involving eyes

Answer 19

Intense light source ultraviolet light can be considered a source of radiation burns

Question 20

Radiological

Answer 20

Usually from nuclear sources ultraviolet light can be considered a source of radiation burns

Question 21

Superficial burns or first-degree burn

Answer 21

Involves only the epidermis read ending of the skin some swelling

Question 22

Partial thickness burn or second-degree burn

Answer 22

Burn through the epidermis and the dermis

Deep intense pain noticeably reddening Blisters and spotted appearance to the skin swelling and blistering for 48 hours

Question 23

Full thickness burns or third-degree burns

Answer 23

All layers of the skin are damaged charred black or brown areas that are dry and white severe pain may not feel pain at all

May require skin graphing may damage subcutaneous tissue muscle bone and underlying organs

Question 24

Burns to infants and children and adults

Answer 24

Infants children under age 5 and adults over age 55 have the most severe response to Burns and the greatest risk of death

Question 25

Minor burns

Answer 25

For thickness burns of less than 2% of the body partial thickness burns of less than 15% of the body superficial burns of 50% of the body or less

Question 26

Moderate burns

Answer 26

For thickness burns up to the temper send of the body partial thickness burns a 15 to 30% of the body superficial burns more than 50% of the body

Question 27

Critical burns

Answer 27

All burns complicated by injuries of the respiratory tract other soft tissue injuries and injuries of the bones Partial thickness or for thickness burns involve in the face hands feet genitalia or respiratory tract For thickness burns of more than 10% partial thickness burns of more than 30% burns complicated by Muscleskeletal injuries circumferential burns

Question 28

Classification of burn severity child less than five years old

Answer 28

Minor burns partial thickness burns of less than 10% of the body Moderate burns partial thickness burns of 10 to 20% of the body Critical burns for thickness burns of any extent or partial thickness burns of more than 20% of the body

Question 29

Electrical injuries signs and symptoms

Answer 29

Burn where the energy enters and exits the body, distractive nerve pathways displayed by paralysis, muscle tenderness and muscle twitching, respiratory difficulties or arrest, irregular heartbeat or cardiac arrest, elevated blood pressure or low blood pressure symptoms of shock, restlessness or irritability if conscious or loss of consciousness visual difficulties,Broken bones and seizures