Chapter 27- Soft-Tissue Injuries Flashcards
contusion
an injury that causes bleeding beneath skin but does not break it
hematoma
when a large blood vessel is damaged and bleeds rapidly
crush syndrome
when an area of the body is trapped for longer than 4 hours and arterial blood flow is compromised
muscle cells die
compartment syndrome
develops when edema and swelling result in increased pressure within a closed soft-tissue compartment
interferes with circulation
abrasion
wound to superficial layer of skin
laceration
a jagged cut in the skin caused by a sharp object or a blunt force that tears the tissue
avulsions
an injury that separates various layers of soft tissue (usually between the subcutaneous layer and fascia) so they become either completely detached or hang as a flap
treatment for avulsion
replace flap in original position as long as it is not visibly contaminated with dirt and/or other foreign materials
wrap and transport
evisceration
when organs protrude through a wound
treatment for an evisceration
Cover the wound with sterile gauze moistened with sterile saline solution and secure with an occlusive dressing.
If the patient’s legs and knees are uninjured, and spinal injury is not suspected, flex them to relieve pressure on the abdomen.
embolism
air in vascular system
how to control bleeding of a neck injury
apply occlusive dressing
apply pressure (do not press on both carotid vessels)
wrap with roller gauze loosely
what age groups can have increased burn severity?
pts younger than 5 and older than 55
partial-thickness (second degree) burns
Skin is moist, mottled, and white to red
Blisters are present
full-thickness (third-degree) burns
May feel hard to the touch
Clotted blood vessels or subcutaneous tissue may be visible under burned skin
If the nerve endings have been destroyed, a severely burned area may not have feeling and the surrounding less severely burned areas may be extremely painful.
