Chapter 6- The Human Body

Question 1

transverse (axial)

Answer 1

top and bottom

Question 2

coronal (frontal)

Answer 2

front and back

Question 3

sagittal (lateral)

Answer 3

left and right

Question 4

articular cartilage

Answer 4

covers the ends of bones that allows them to glide easily

Question 5

synovial fluid

Answer 5

enables the ends of bones to glide over each other

Question 6

foramen magnum

Answer 6

the base of the cranium that is the passageway for the spinal cord to connect to brain

Question 7

radius

Answer 7

the lateral or thumb side of forearm

Question 8

ulna

Answer 8

the medial or little finger side of forearm

Question 9

carpals

Answer 9

8 bones that form wrist

Question 10

metacarpals

Answer 10

5 bones that extend from the carpals and form the palm of the hand

Question 11

acetabulum

Answer 11

where the pelvis articulates with the femur bone of the leg at the hip joint

Question 12

tibia

Answer 12

shinbone

Question 13

fibula

Answer 13

lies on the lateral side of the lower leg

Question 14

patella

Answer 14

kneecap

Question 15

skeletal (voluntary) muscle

Answer 15

attaches to the bones of the skeleton and forms the major muscle mass of the body

Question 16

smooth muscle

Answer 16

found within blood vessels and intestines, considered involuntary muscle

Question 17

pulmonary capillaries

Answer 17

a network of tiny blood vessels that carry CO2 from body to lungs

Question 18

pleura

Answer 18

tissues that cover the lungs

Question 19

parietal pleura

Answer 19

tissue that lines chest wall

Question 20

visceral pleura

Answer 20

tissue covering the lungs

Question 21

inspiratory reserve volume

Answer 21

the deepest breath you can take after a normal breath

Question 22

expiratory reserve volume

Answer 22

the maximum amount of air that you can forcibly breathe out after a normal breath

Question 23

residual volume

Answer 23

gas remaining in the lungs after exhalation to keep the lungs open

Question 24

an adult man has a total lung capacity of

Answer 24

6,000 mL

Question 25

dead space

Answer 25

the portion of the respiratory system that has no alveoli, and little or no exchange of gas between air and blood occurs (mouth, trachea, bronchi)

Question 26

exhaled air contains

Answer 26

16% oxygen 3-5% CO2 the rest is nitrogen

Question 27

when CO2 in blood stream builds up

Answer 27

pH decreases in CSF

Question 28

stroke volume (SV)

Answer 28

the amount of blood moved in one beat

Question 29

cardiac output (CO)

Answer 29

the amount of blood moved in 1 minute

Question 30

equation to calculate cardiac output

Answer 30

CO = HR x SV

Question 31

depolarization

Answer 31

when the electrical charges on the surface of the muscle cell change from positive to negative in the heart

Question 32

repolarization

Answer 32

when the heart returns to its resting state and the positive charge is restored to the surface

Question 33

white blood cells

Answer 33

play large role in immune system to fight against infection

Question 34

red blood cells

Answer 34

carry oxygen

Question 35

platelets

Answer 35

form blood clots

Question 36

acetabulum

Answer 36

where the pelvis articulates with the femur bone of the leg at the hip joint

Question 37

spleen

Answer 37

filters and digests aged blood cells

Question 38

what is the cerebrum responsible for

Answer 38

1. interpreting sights, sounds, and feelings 2. reasoning and learning 3. precise muscle movement

Question 39

frontal lobe responsibilities

Answer 39

personality, judgement, planning, problem solving, concentration, and self-awareness

Question 40

parietal lobe responsibilities

Answer 40

recognition of spatial relationships and integrates sensory info received from body to form perceptions of the worlds around us

Question 41

temporal lobe responsibilities

Answer 41

taste, hearing, ability to understand words

Question 42

occipital lobe responsibilities

Answer 42

vision

Question 43

cerebellum responsibilities

Answer 43

Controls balance, muscle coordination, and posture

Question 44

functions of CSF

Answer 44

filters out impurities and toxins allows brain to shift inside of skull without being damaged

Question 45

somatic nervous system

Answer 45

controls activities where there is voluntary control

Question 46

autonomic nervous system

Answer 46

controls the body functions that occur without voluntary control

Question 47

sympathetic nervous system

Answer 47

responsible for the fight-or-flight reaction

Question 48

parasympathetic nervous system

Answer 48

slows the body’s activities or returns the body to its resting state

Question 49

3 major organs in the right upper quadrant of abdomen

Answer 49

liver gallbladder portion of the colon

Question 50

2 major organs in right lower quadrant of abdomen

Answer 50

parts of the large intestine appendix

Question 51

3 major organs in left upper quadrant of abdomen

Answer 51

stomach spleen part of colon

Question 52

1 major organ in left lower quadrant of abdomen

Answer 52

colon

Question 53

the 2 retroperitoneal organs

Answer 53

kidney pancreas (lies behind abdominal cavity)