chapter 27.1/27.2

Question 1

is the process that involves the physical or chemical breakdown of materials on earths surface.

Answer 1

weathering

Question 2

is a mixture of weathered rock,organic matter,water and the air that is capable of supporting plant life.

Answer 2

soil

Question 3

is the removal of surface materials through the process of weathering.

Answer 3

erosion

Question 4

as rocks weather,erosional agents like water, ice, wind , and gravity move eroded materials from one place to another

Answer 4

sediment transport

Question 5

when the erosional agent slows down (in case of water, wind or gravity) or melts (in case of glaciers),it drops this sediment load.

Answer 5

deposition

Question 6

the land area that gathers water for a major river

Answer 6

drainage basin

Question 7

the movement of water parallel to the shoreline

Answer 7

longshore current

Question 8

what is the difference between weathering an erosion?

Answer 8

weathering is the breakdown of materials,erosion is the removal of surface materials

Question 9

when the slope of a river decreases what happens to the rivers speed?

Answer 9

it also decreases

Question 10

what are small streams called that flow into larger rivers?

Answer 10

tributaries

Question 11

what is the land are called that gathers water for a major river

Answer 11

drainage basin

Question 12

what is the boundary called that separates distinct drainage basin?

Answer 12

drainage divide

Question 13

as water flows downhill under the influence of gravity,water erodes earths surface creating?

Answer 13

channels

Question 14

what shape do young rivers carve out of Earths surface do to fast movement?

Answer 14

V-shaped

Question 15

what type of rivers are wide with a smooth and gentle slope?

Answer 15

mature

Question 16

when rivers flood and drop their sediment load what

Answer 16

flood plane

Question 17

when a fan-shaped sediment deposit that forms out the mouth of a river is called?

Answer 17

delta

Question 18

what are Distributaries?

Answer 18

branching channels created by deltas

Question 19

what is it called when a river/stream enters into dry land?

Answer 19

alluvial fans

Question 20

what are the two types of glaciers?

Answer 20

valley glaciers and continental glaciers

Question 21

where do valley glaciers form?

Answer 21

high mountainous regions

Question 22

where do continental glaciers form?

Answer 22

colder climates and they occupy large land area

Question 23

where are the two continental glaciers located?

Answer 23

Greenland and Antarctica

Question 24

what is a cirque?

Answer 24

bowl shaped basin

Question 25

what is an arete?

Answer 25

a long shape ridge line that is create between 2 valley glaciers

Question 26

what is a horn is a mountainous region?

Answer 26

sharpened peaks

Question 27

what shape of valley do valley glaciers form?

Answer 27

U-shaped valleys

Question 28

what are tributary glaciers?

Answer 28

small glaciers that feed into larger glaciers

Question 29

what type of valleys do tributary glaciers form?

Answer 29

hanging valleys

Question 30

what are 3 land form created by wave erosion?

Answer 30

coastal cliff, sea arches, sea stacks

Question 31

what are 2 land forms created from wave deposition

Answer 31

sand bars and sand spits

Question 32

what are sand bars?

Answer 32

land forms that are parallel to the shoreline

Question 33

what are sand spits?

Answer 33

are like sand bars but they curve back torwds land

Question 34

what are some things that can triggare mass wasting?

Answer 34

heavy rain, earthquakes, and human activites

Question 35

some examples of mass wasting

Answer 35

rock slides, mud flows, and landslides

Question 36

a process by which water enters earth and becomes groundwater below the surface

Answer 36

infiltration

Question 37

the upper boundary of the saturated zone

Answer 37

water table

Question 38

a rock unit that can transfer water through its pore space

Answer 38

aquifer

Question 39

a material is the percentage of the materials total volume that is pore space

Answer 39

porosity

Question 40

a process of assigning an exact numerical age to an organism, an object, or an event.

Answer 40

absolute dating

Question 41

a process of placing objects or events in their proper order in time

Answer 41

relative dating

Question 42

Hutton´s idea- which is the law of nature operate today as they have in the past

Answer 42

uniformitarianism

Question 43

in an undisturbed sequence of sedimentary rock layers, the youngest rock will be at the top and the oldest rocks will be at the bottom

Answer 43

principle of superposition

Question 44

gaps in the rock record during which either erosion occurred or deposition was absent

Answer 44

unconformities

Question 45

the remains or traces of organisms found in the geologic rock record

Answer 45

fossils

Question 46

what are aquitards?

Answer 46

layer of sediment that doesn´t allow water to go through

Question 47

how are water springs formed?

Answer 47

water tables that meets earths surface

Question 48

what is an artesian well?

Answer 48

wells drilled into pressurized aquifers

Question 49

what is a cone of depression?

Answer 49

where the direct the water flows towards the well

Question 50

absolute dating

Answer 50

the process of assigning an exact numerical age to an organism, an object,or event

Question 51

relative dating

Answer 51

the process of placing objects or events in their proper order in time

Question 52

uniformitarianism

Answer 52

states that the law of nature operate today as they have in the past

Question 53

principle of superposition

Answer 53

states that in an undisturbed sequence of sedimentary rock layers, the youngest rocks will be at the top and the older ones will be at the bottom

Question 54

unconformity

Answer 54

gaps in the rock record during which either erosion occurred or deposition was about

Question 55

fossil

Answer 55

the remains or traces of organisms found in the geologic rock record