Chapter 28 Flashcards
Q: What percentage of all animal species are invertebrates?
A: About 95%.
Q: What phylum are sponges classified under?
A: Phylum Porifera.
Q: Do sponges have true tissues?
A: No, they lack true tissues.
Q: What is the function of choanocytes in sponges?
A: Create currents and trap food particles by phagocytosis.
Q: What supports the body of a sponge?
A: Hard spicules (silica or calcium carbonate) and spongin fibers (collagen).
Q: How do sponges reproduce sexually?
A: They are hermaphroditic, producing gametes in the mesohyl.
Q: What symmetry do Cnidarians have?
A: Radial symmetry.
Q: What are the two body forms of Cnidarians?
A: Polyp and medusa.
Q: What specialized cells do Cnidarians use to capture prey?
A: Cnidocytes with nematocysts.
Q: What kind of digestive cavity do Cnidarians have?
A: A gastrovascular cavity with one opening (mouth/anus).
Q: What is the term for the jelly-like layer between tissue layers in Cnidarians?
A: Mesoglea.
Q: What is the nerve organization in Cnidarians?
A: Simple nerve net.
Q: How do Cnidarians reproduce?
A: Sexually and asexually (e.g., budding).
Q: What phylum are comb jellies part of?
A: Phylum Ctenophora.
Q: How do Ctenophores move?
A: Using fused cilia in 8 comb-like plates.
Q: What type of symmetry do Ctenophores have?
A: Radial symmetry.
Q: What is the body cavity status of flatworms (Platyhelminthes)?
A: Acoelomate (no body cavity).
Q: How do flatworms exchange gases?
A: Through their thin body surface (diffusion).
Q: What structures remove excess water in flatworms?
A: Protonephridia with flame bulbs.
Q: What is a free-living flatworm called?
A: Planarian.
Q: What are parasitic flatworms that infect blood vessels called?
A: Schistosomes (blood flukes).
Q: What is the attachment structure on a tapeworm called?
A: Scolex.
Q: How do rotifers feed?
A: Using a ciliated “wheel organ” to bring food into the mouth.
Q: What type of body cavity do rotifers have?
A: Pseudocoelom.
