Chapter 28-Diuretic Drugs Flashcards
(44 cards)
These drugs accelerate the rate of urine formation
Diuretic drugs
These drugs result in the removal of sodium and water from the body
Diuretic drugs
These drugs are used in the treatment of hypertension, heart failure, and renal failure
Diuretic drugs
Which location in the kidney is the area where the highest percentage of sodium and water are reabsorbed back into the bloodstream?
Ascending loop of Henle
Which location in the kidney is the greatest percentage of sodium and water returned to the bloodstream?
The proximal tubule
Carbonic anhydride inhibitors, loop, osmotic, potassium-sparring, and Thiazide and Thiazide-like are all types of ______
Diuretics
What is the most commonly used carbonic anhydrase inhibitor?
Acetazolamide (Diamox)
The enzyme carbonic anhydrase helps to make H+ ions available for exchange with sodium and water in the proximal tubules. These drugs block the action of carbonic anhydrase, preventing the exchange of H+ ions with sodium and water
Carbonic anhydrase inhibitors
These are adjunct drugs in the long-term management of open-angle glaucoma. They lower intraocular pressure prior to ocular surgery.
Carbonic anhydrase inhibitors
The strokes are useful in the treatment of edema and high-altitude sickness
Carbonic anhydrase inhibitors
These drugs are considered a less potent diuretic than loop diuretics or thiazides
Carbonic anhydrase inhibitors
Metabolic acidosis, anorexia, hematuria, photosensitivity, hypokalemia, drowsiness, urticaria, Paresthesia, and glycosuria in diabetics are all adverse affects of what type of drug?
Carbonic anhydrase inhibitors
What is the drug classification for Bumetanide (Bumex), ethacrynic (Edecrin), furosemide (Lasix), and torsemide (Demadex) ?
Loop diuretics
These drugs act directly on the ascending limb of the loop of Henle to inhibit chloride and sodium reabsorption. They increased renal prostaglandins, resulting in the dilation of blood vessels and reduced peripheral vascular resistance. They are useful in the treatment of edema and possess renal, cardiovascular, and metabolic effects.
Loop diuretics
These drugs cause a depletion in potassium and sodium
Loop diuretics
A reduction in blood pressure, pulmonary vascular resistance, systemic vascular resistance, central venous pressure, and left ventricular end-diastolic pressure are the result of ______ _____ _____
Decreased fluid volume
Edema associated with heart failure or heart disease, to control hypertension, increased renal excretion of calcium and faces with hypercalcemia, in cases of heart failure resulting from diastolic dysfunction are all indications of ______ ______
Loop Diuretics
What are the adverse affects of a loop diuretics?
Dizziness, headache, tinnitus, blurred vision, nausea, vomiting, diarrhea, Stevens-Johnson syndrome, agranulocytosis, neutropenia, thrombocytopenia, hypokalemia, hyperglycemia, hyperuricemia
When administering a loop diuretic to a patient, it is most important for the nurse to determine if the patient is also taking which drug?
Lithium (Eskalith)
What is the most common osmotic diuretic?
Mannitol (Osmitrol)
Which area of the kidney do osmotic diuretics effect?
Proximal tubule
The mechanism of action for this classification of drug is to inhibit tubular resorption of water and solutes, producing rapid diuresis. It pulls water into the renal tubules from the surrounding tissues and increases glomerular filtration rate and renal plasma flow, Which helps to prevent kidney damage during acute renal failure. It reduces intercranial pressure or cerebral edema associated with head trauma and also reduces excessive intraocular pressure.
Osmotic diuretics
Convulsions, thrombophlebitis, pulmonary congestion, headache, chest pain, tachycardia, blurred vision, chills, and fever are all adverse affects of this drug classification.
Osmotic diuretics
This osmotic diuretic can only be infused intravenously. It may crystallize when exposed to low temperatures and use of a filter is required.
Mannitol (Osmitrol)
