Chapter 28: Obstructive Pulmonary Diseases

Question 1

AATD A1-Antitrypsin Deficiency

Answer 1

Autosomal recessive disorder that may affect the lungs of liver. Genetic risk factor for COPD.

Question 2

Asthma

Answer 2

Heterogenous disease characterized by bronchial hyperactivity with reversible expiratory airflow limitation

Question 3

Bronchiectasis

Answer 3

Characterized by permanent, abnormal dilation of medium-sized bronchi. It’s the result of inflammatory changes that destroy elastic and muscular structures.

Question 4

CPT Chest Physiotherapy

Answer 4

Mainly used for patients with excessive bronchial secretions who have difficulty clearing them. Consists of postural drainage, percussion, and vibration. Can be very stressful to patient.

Question 5

Chronic Bronchitis

Answer 5

Presence of cough and sputum production for at least 3 months in each of 2 consecutive years.

Question 6

COPD Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease

Answer 6

Preventable, treatable, but often progressive disease characterized by persistent airflow limitation.

Question 7

Cor Pulmonale

Answer 7

Results from pulmonary hypertension, which is caused by diseases affecting the lungs or pulmonary blood vessels. It is a late manifestation of COPD

Question 8

Cystic Fibrosis

Answer 8

Autosomal recessive, multisystem disease characterized by altered transport of sodium and chloride ions in and out of the epithelial cells. Defect mostly affects the lungs, GI (pancreas and biliary), and reproductive tract).

Question 9

Emphysema

Answer 9

The destruction of alveoli without fibrosis, describes one of several structural abnormalities in COPD patients.

Question 10

O2 Toxicity

Answer 10

May result from prolonged exposure to a high level of o2. High levels of o2 can result in in severe inflammatory response.

Question 11

Postural Drinage

Answer 11

Use of positioning techniques that drain secretions from specific segment of the lungs and bronchi into the trachea.

Question 12

PLB Pursed Lip Breathing

Answer 12

The purpose is to prolong exhalation, which prevents bronchiolar collapse and air trapping

Question 13

Status Asthmaticus

Answer 13

Life-threatening medical emergency and the most extreme form of an acute asthma attack. It is characterized by hypoxia, hypercapnia, and acute respiratory failure. Patient is unresponsive to bronchodilators and corticosteroids.