Chapter 2.8 - Taxi, Takeoff & Landing

Question 1

Name 4 factors affecting Taxi Speed?

Answer 1

• Throttle/Power Setting.
• Use of Brakes.
• Type of Surface.
• Wind.

Question 2

What equates to a Taxi Speed?

Answer 2

A fast walking pace.

Question 3

During Taxiing what two functions can a Pilot use?

Answer 3

• Throttle (Primary Control).

- Brakes (use as an aid).

Question 4

What 3 factors can affect a pilot maintaining a safe Taxi Speed?

Answer 4

• Nature of the Surface.
• Any Slope.
• Wind.

Question 5

If Taxi Speed is too high what should a Pilot do?

Answer 5

Close the Throttle.

Question 6

If Taxi Speed is too high what should a Pilot NOT do?

Answer 6

Use Brakes against Throttle.

Question 7

When should Brakes be tested by the Pilot?

Answer 7

• Immediately once the Aircraft has moved from Parking Position
• Occasionally during taxiing to the runway.

Question 8

How does a Pilot steering when Taxiing?

Answer 8

Rudder which controls the nose gear.

Question 9

When Taxiing what is needed in strong Headwind conditions?

Answer 9

More Power.

Question 10

What position should the Control Yoke/Wheel be held under strong Headwind conditions?

Answer 10

Neutral.

Question 11

When Taxiing what is needed in strong Tailwind conditions?

Answer 11

Less Power.

Question 12

What position should the Control Yoke/Wheel be held under strong Tailwind conditions?

Answer 12

Forward of Neutral.

Question 13

Why can a High/Low Wing Aircraft nose over during strong Tailwinds?

Answer 13

Centre of Gravity is always ahead of main wheels.

Question 14

What Flight Controls Surfaces should be used to counter-act strong Crosswinds?

Answer 14

• Ailerons.

- Rudder.

Question 15

What should a pilot do when facing strong Crosswinds from ahead while Taxiing?

Answer 15

• Move Ailerons into the wind for Balance.

- Use Rudder to counter-act any Yawning.

Question 16

What should a pilot do when facing strong Crosswinds from behind while Taxiing?

Answer 16

• Move Ailerons into downwind for Balance.
• Use Rudder to counter-act any Yawning.
• Control Wheel slightly Forward.

Question 17

Define Weathercooking?

Answer 17

The tendency of an Aircraft to Yaw until the nose is point into wind.

Question 18

Why are Takeoffs made into wind?

Answer 18

It gives the shortest takeoff/ground run.

Question 19

Name the 3 phases of Takeoff?

Answer 19

• Takeoff Run.
• Lift-off/Rotation.
• Transition to Climb.

Question 20

What is the primary aim of a Takeoff?

Answer 20

The lift-off in the shortest distance possible.

Question 21

What does Rotation mean?

Answer 21

Is the act of pulling the Control Yoke/Wheel back to increase Angle of Attack.

Question 22

At what height is a Takeoff completed?

Answer 22

50 Feet.

Question 23

What happens to the Aircraft during Crosswind Takeoff?

Answer 23

The Aircraft will Yaw to the direction of the wind.

Question 24

How does a Pilot counteract Crosswind during Takeoff?

Answer 24

Use Rudder in opposite direction of wind.

Question 25

How does a Pilot counteract strong Upwind Wing during Takeoff/Landings?

Answer 25

Moving Ailerons into the Wind.

Question 26

How should a Pilot counteract ‘drift’ once airborne from a Crosswind Takeoff?

Answer 26

The nose must be yawned into the wind.

Question 27

What is classed as a ‘normal’ Approach?

Answer 27

Use of some Power and Flaps.

Question 28

Why should a Pilot use some power during Approach for Landing?

Answer 28

- Better Control on Approach Flight Path. | - Keeps Engine warm in case of Go-Around.

Question 29

Why should a Pilot use Flaps during an Approach for Landing?

Answer 29

- Reduces Stalling Speed. - Allows Steeper Approach Path reducing the Landing Distance. - Improves Forward Vision.

Question 30

Similar to Takeoffs, if possible, a Pilot should do what with Landings?

Answer 30

Land into-wind.

Question 31

Name the 3 phases of Landing?

Answer 31

- Flare and Hold-off. - Touchdown. - Landing Run or Roll.

Question 32

Define Wheelbarrowing?

Answer 32

Too much weight on the Nose-Wheel.

Question 33

When is Wheelbarrowing most common?

Answer 33

An Approach with Full Flaps lowered and at excessive Speed.

Question 34

What action should a Pilot perform when an Aircraft is Wheelbarrowing?

Answer 34

Relax Forward Pressure on the Control Yoke/Wheel.

Question 35

Define Go-Around?

Answer 35

When a pilot abandons a Landing and proceeds to takeoff immediately.

Question 36

Why should a Pilot practise Glide Approaches/Landings?

Answer 36

To prepare for the event of forced Landings.

Question 37

When conducting a Glide Approach what are the two main aspects a Pilot should be aware of?

Answer 37

- Selecting the Descent Point on Base Leg. | - Judging the points to progressively lower the flaps.

Question 38

Why should a Pilot practise Flapless Landings?

Answer 38

To prepare for the event of Flap Failure.

Question 39

What common error is made during Flapless Landings?

Answer 39

The Aircraft being too high for the aiming point.

Question 40

The Approach path is what during a Flapless Approach?

Answer 40

Flat.

Question 41

What should pilots be aware of when conducting a Flapless Approach upon touchdown?

Answer 41

Increased in Landing Roll.

Question 42

At what percentage of excess to the stall speed will cause problems during Crosswind Takeoff/Landings?

Answer 42

25%.

Question 43

What should a pilot know for any Takeoff/Landings into Crosswind?

Answer 43

The Aircraft’s maximum Crosswind Component.

Question 44

On Approach, a decrease in Headwind Component will affect the Aircraft in what way? And how does a pilot counteract this (2)?

Answer 44

- Decrease in Airspeed which will increase the Rate of Descent and could cause the Aircraft to undershoot the runway. - A Pilot should add power to correct the Rate of Descent.

Question 45

On Approach, an increase in Headwind Component will affect the Aircraft in what way? And how does a pilot counteract this (2)?

Answer 45

- Increase in Airspeed which will decrease the Rate of Descent and could cause the Aircraft to overshoot the runway. - A Pilot should reduce power to correct the Rate of Descent.

Question 46

What is Undershoot Shear?

Answer 46

Undershooting the Runway due to a decrease in Headwind Component.

Question 47

What is Overshoot Shear?

Answer 47

Overshooting the Runway due to an increase in Headwind Component.

Question 48

What is the outcome of Ground Effect during Takeoffs?

Answer 48

Decrease in Lift and Increase in Drag.

Question 49

What is the outcome of Ground Effect during Landings?

Answer 49

Increase in Lift and decrease in Drag.