Chapter 3

Question 1

A core family unit of husband, wife, and their child/children.

Traditional view of family system

Answer 1

Nuclear family

Question 2

A family that includes one parent, either biological or adoptive who is solely responsible for care of self and child or children

Answer 2

Single-parent family

Question 3

A family created when two people marry and at least one of them was married previously and has a child or children

Answer 3

Blended Family

Question 4

Both husband and wife in the labor force

Answer 4

Dual-career family

Question 5

When participation in one area of a person’s life affects another part.

Answer 5

Spillover

Question 6

Couples who consciously decide over time to not have children or remain child free as a result of chance or biology.

Answer 6

Child free family

Question 7

A family with a child that has a disability that may face more stress than the average family system and may need to devote a greater adjustment to their work and daily schedule.

Answer 7

Special needs or dev. Disabled child family

Question 8

A type of family that is made up of a same-sex couple without children or with children from a previous marriage, adoption, or as a result of artificial insemination.

Answer 8

LGBT Family

Question 9

A family system in which it is headed by someone 65 years or older

Answer 9

Aging Famiy

Question 10

A type of family made up of households that include a child, a parent, and a grandparent.

Answer 10

Multigenerational Family

Question 11

Grandparents taking care of their children’s children as a result of a variety of reasons.

Answer 11

Grandparent Headed family

Question 12

A type of family who may be married or may have children that are enlisted in the military.

Answer 12

Military Family

Question 13

An interactive process associated with positive relationships and outcomes

Answer 13

Health

Question 14

Involves staying loyal to the family and its members through both good and adverse life events

Answer 14

Commitment

Question 15

An event that is predictable and actually occurs

EX: finding employment, leaving home, getting married

Answer 15

Expected Life Stressors

Question 16

Things that occur which are passive and are events that do not happen as envisioned or expected

Ex: failure of a couple to have healthy children or don’t reach financial goals in life.

Answer 16

Nonevents

Question 17

1. When a person is physically absent yet psychologically present
   Ex: child given up for adoption, divorced father no longer lives at home
2. Someone being physically present but psychologically absent
   Ex: a parent with Alzheimer’s, family member w/ sub. Use D/O

Answer 17

Ambiguous Losses

Question 18

Members from different generations, such as a mother and daughter, colluding as a team

Answer 18

Intergenerational coalitions

Question 19

Two individuals, such as a mother and father, arguing over and interacting in regard to a third person, such as a rebellious son, instead of attending to their relationship

Answer 19

Conflictual triangles

Question 20

A type of stressor that brings past and present issues to bear reciprocally, such as family attitudes, expectations, secrets, and legacies.

Historical and inherited from previous generations

Answer 20

Vertical stressor

Question 21

Stressors that are aspects of life that relate to the present, such as cohabitation or marriage at an early age, teenage pregnancy, and financial insecurity.

Developmental and unfolding

Answer 21

Horizontal Stressors

Question 22

The transition from one stage of life to another, such as going from being a new couple to being a couple with a new child.

Unpredictable: untimely death, chronic illness, or loss of job.

Answer 22

Life cycle transitions

Question 23

Unpredictable aspect of the life cycle.

Random, chance circumstances of life, some fortunate and others not.

Answer 23

Happenstance

Question 24

Sudden, overwhelming, and often dangerous, either to one’s self or significant other.

Life-Threatening/ Life-Ending

Usually horrific in nature

Answer 24

Physical/ Psychological trauma

Question 25

Events that affect a family or individual that can occur in an unsettling manner.

Answer 25

Success and failure

Question 26

When either a man or woman can work outside the home and take care of children

Answer 26

Post gender relationship

Question 27

What are qualities of a healthy marriage

Answer 27

- Committment to family/Indv. - Appreciation for each other - Effective communication - High degree of religious/spiritual orientation - Ability to deal with crisis in positive manner - Encouraging - Clear roles

Question 28

A type of stressor relations to age and life-stages.

Answer 28

Developmental stressors

Question 29

Interpersonal stressor such as dealing with feelings.

Answer 29

Situational Stressors

Question 30

What are the most prevalent stressors occurring within families?

Answer 30

1. Economics 2. Children’s bh. 3. Insufficient couple time 4. Communicating with children 5. Insufficient personal time 6. Insufficient family time

Question 31

A relationship in which each partner is versatile and tries to become competent in doing necessary or needed tasks Often called a “post gender” relationship Major Difficulty: When partners do not minimize differences will COMPETE with each other.

Answer 31

Symmetrical Relationship

Question 32

Fam. Member roles defined rigidly DIFFERENCES maximized If members fail to do task such as make decisions or discipline children, other members affected negatively. Traditional Gender roles

Answer 32

Complementary relationship

Question 33

Term used to describe a tendency to MOVE TOWARD family closeness

Answer 33

Centripetal

Question 34

Directed away from center Term used to describe the tendency to MOVE AWAY from the family i.e. FAMILY DISENGAGEMENT

Answer 34

Centrifugal

Question 35

Emotional Bonding

Answer 35

Family cohesion

Question 36

The adaptability to be flexible and change

Answer 36

Family adaptability

Question 37

What are the characteristics of a family that can cope with stress?

Answer 37

Ability to ID stressor Ab. To view the situation as a fam. Prob. NOT blame other member Solution oriented rather than blame oriented approach Tolerance for other family members Clear expression of commitment and affection other f.memb. Open/Clear comm among members Evidence of high family cohesion Evidence of considerable role flexibility App. utilization of resources inside and outside fam. Lack physical violence Lack substance abuse

Question 38

Provides theoretical framework for understanding the complex interaction between situations in a family resolutions over time rather than those geared to a single happening. Addresses the issue that no event occurs in isolation and introduces concept that stressors pile up.

Answer 38

Double ABCX model

Question 39

A concept that explains how two families may perceive an event differently depending on the resources available to each family. EX: an affluent family may experience little impact or meaning because a family has more support and resources to handle a situation vs a family with limited support may experience a considerable crisis because members may not have access to supports.

Answer 39

ABCX model

Question 40

Families that are ____ to adjust to new circumstances try the same solutions over and over again or intensify nonproductive behaviors.

Answer 40

Unable

Question 41

What are two types of change that can work for families but may need to be deployed at different times?

Answer 41

1. First-order change | 2. Second-Order Change

Question 42

An alteration that occurs to a family that is superficial in nature. EX: moving dinner from being served at 6pm to 8pm does not delay an argument that may occur due to dinner still being served. Think non-productive behaviors

Answer 42

First-order change

Question 43

A type of meta change in which a changing of rules sometimes referred to as “A CHANGE OF CHANGE” A new set of rules and behaviors is introduced into the existing behavioral repertoire, often in an abrupt way. the out come is that a qualitatively new bx. Occurs. Think productive

Answer 43

Second-Order change *Think Death Star blowing up to create new

Question 44

What are coping strategies to relieve stress in well-functioning families?

Answer 44

Recognizing that stress may be positive and lead to change. Realizing that stress is usually temporary. Focusing on working together to find solutions. Realizing that stress is a normal part of life. Changing the rules to deal with stress and celebrating victories over events that led to stress.

Question 45

What do family therapist learn from studying healthy families?

Answer 45

Appreciate the complexity of families. Be less prone to pathologize families. Realize that health is developmental and situational. Be aware of families’ strengths and deficits. Be more educational in assisting families with problems.

Question 46

What are four main types of stressors?

Answer 46

1. Vertical 2. Horizontal 3. Predictable 4. Unexpected

Question 47

What are three ways in which a family is organized:

Answer 47

1. Symmetrical/complementary 2. Centripetal/centrifugal 3. Cohesive/adaptable