Chapter 3

Question 1

What type of energy ionized matter?

Answer 1

High-energy

Question 2

Who developed the Electromagnetic Theory?

Answer 2

James Maxwell

Question 3

What is the EM Theory?

Answer 3

Electromagnetic radiation is an electric and magnetic disturbance traveling through space at the speed of light

Question 4

All of the spectrum travels at the:

Answer 4

Speed of Light
3x10^8 m/s
186,000 miles/s

Question 5

How is frequency, energy, and wavelength related?

Answer 5

Low energy, low frequency, long wavelength

High energy, high frequency, short wavelength

Question 6

How is frequency measured?

Answer 6

Hertz

Question 7

How is wavelength measured?

Answer 7

Meters

Question 8

How is the energy of EM radiation measured?

Answer 8

eV

Question 9

How do the electric field and magnetic field line up with each other?

Answer 9

90 degree right angle sine waves

Question 10

EM can exist without:

Answer 10

Matter/medium

Question 11

Equation to figure out energy

Answer 11

E=hf

h = planck’s constant
f = frequency

Question 12

Planck’s constant

Answer 12

6.626 x 10^-34 J/sec
4.135 x 10^-15 eV/sec

Question 13

What is Wave-Particle Duality?

Answer 13

EM Radiation can act either as a particle or a wave depending on its energy

Question 14

What is Amplitude?

Answer 14

Max height of wave

Question 15

What is Wavelength?

Answer 15

Wave distance from peak to peak

Question 16

What is Frequency?

Answer 16

How many waves pass in a certain time period

Question 17

Equation for velocity

Answer 17

Velocity = frequency x wavelength

V is replaced with C; the constant for SOL

Question 18

Inverse square law can be used for:

Answer 18

Luminosity
Intensity of radiation

Question 19

How many cycles per second is the AC sine wave?

Answer 19

60 cycles per second (120 pulses)

Question 20

1 Hz is equal to:

Answer 20

1 cycle per second (2 pulses)

Question 21

How is high-energy radiation different than low-energy?

Answer 21

Ability to ionize matter

Question 22

What is the most natuarally occurring radioactive gas?

Answer 22

Radon

Question 23

What are examples of non-ionizing radiation?

Answer 23

Microwaves, infared, radiowaves, visible light, UV light

Question 24

What type of radiation is used for Nuclear medicine and Radiation Therapy?

Answer 24

Alpha and Beta Radiation

Question 25

What is Radioactivity?

Answer 25

An atom with excess energy gets rid of it to try to stabilize

Question 26

What is half-life?

Answer 26

The amount of time it takes the radioactive element to rid itself of half of its original amount

Question 27

What makes up an Alpha particle?

Answer 27

2 protons and 2 neutrons (positive particle)

Question 28

What is a Beta particle?

Answer 28

Particle emitted from the unstable nucleus; can have a negative or positive charge

Question 29

A positive Beta particle is called a:

Answer 29

Positron

Question 30

X-rays are considered what type of line and threshold?

Answer 30

Linear and Non-threshold - any amount past zero is bad

Question 31

What are the 3 different types of lines?

Answer 31

Linear - straight 1 curve - curvilinear 2 curves - sigmoidal